Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40451146›Full record

ArticleNeonatology2025

International Variation and Trends of Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Very Preterm Infants.

Georgia Hollens, Tim Schindler, Malcolm Battin, Gil Klinger, Mark Adams, Maximo Vento, Antonino Santacroce, Stellan Håkansson, Tetsuya Isayama, Mikael Norman and 7 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Neonatology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Georgia HollensSchool of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Tim SchindlerSchool of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Malcolm BattinNewborn Services, Auckland City Hospital, Grafton, New Zealand.
Gil KlingerDepartment of Neonatal Intensive Care, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva, and Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Mark AdamsDepartment of Neonatology, University and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Maximo VentoDivision of Neonatology, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
Antonino SantacroceDepartment of Women and Children, University Hospital, Siena, Italy.
Stellan HåkanssonDepartment of Clinical Sciences/Pediatrics, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden.
Tetsuya IsayamaDivision of Neonatology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
Mikael NormanDepartment of Neonatal Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Satoshi KusudaNeonatal Research Network of Japan, Kyorin University, Tokyo, Japan.
Liisa LehtonenDepartment of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Kjell HeleniusDepartment of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Neena ModiSection of Neonatal Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Prakesh S ShahDepartment of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Kei LuiSchool of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
iNeo Neonatal Network

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

<p>Introduction: We aimed to investigate international variation in gestational age (GA) specific severe intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) rates, among infants of <30 weeks' GA from the neonatal networks of 11 high-income countries/region.

methodsRetrospective cohort study of outcomes of grade 3/4 IVH rates and composite of g3/4 IVH or death in GA groups of 22-23, 24-25, 26-27, and 28-29 weeks infants admitted to networks of Australia and New Zealand, Canada, Finland, Israel, Italy (Tuscany), Japan, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the UK. Their risk adjusted trends across 3 epochs (2007-11, 2012-15, and 2016-19) were also evaluated.

resultsOutcomes of 165,329 infants (median GA 27 weeks, birthweight 950 g) were analyzed. Overall, the lowest grade 3/4 IVH rate was observed in Japan (6.4%) and the highest in Israel (16.1%). The overall gestation-specific rate of IVH grade 3/4 were 25.8%, 18.6%, 9.0%, and 3.8% and composite outcome of grade 3/4 IVH/death rates 52.2%, 33.6%, 15.6%, and 6.7% for the 22-23, 24-25, 26-27, and 28-29 weeks' GA groups, respectively. These inter-network variations were greater at lower GA. In epoch comparisons, almost all networks showed significant decreases in GA specific composite outcome rates, particularly in the 26-27 week' GA group. Japan and Canada demonstrated significant decreases in each GA group while Spain demonstrated significant decreases in each GA group except for 22-23 weeks' gestation.

conclusionsRates of grade 3/4 IVH and composite outcome rates varied internationally and have decreased over time. Identification of the driving factors behind variations may allow for opportunities for practice review and improvement. </p>.

Indexed as

Cerebral HemorrhageCerebral Intraventricular HemorrhageInfant, Extremely PrematureInfant, Premature, DiseasesFemaleGestational AgeHumansInfant, NewbornMaleRetrospective StudiesIntraventricular hemorrhageNeonatal networksVariationsVery preterm infants

Identifiers

PMID40451146
PMCPMC12215153

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.