Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40450106›Full record

ArticleSupportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer2025

Financial toxicity amongst cancer patients and survivors: a comparative study of the United Kingdom and United States.

Tran Thu Ngan, Emily Tonorezos, Michael Donnelly, Ciaran O'Neill

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. The impact of financial toxicity on adolescent/young adult cancer survivors (AYACS): A mixed methods study.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Psychological distress in cancer survivors: a population-based analysis and machine learning-based risk stratification.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Tran Thu NganCentre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK. n.t.tran@qub.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2771-9878
Emily TonorezosOffice of Cancer Survivorship, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1185-5210
Michael DonnellyCentre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8380-7413
Ciaran O'NeillCentre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7668-3934

Funding

Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust 226921/Z/23/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe study investigated the experiences of financial toxicity (FT) amongst cancer patients/survivors in the United Kingdom (UK) and the United States (USA/US).

methodsSix hundred cancer patients/survivors residing in the UK (n = 319) or USA/US (n = 281) completed an online cross-sectional survey using the COmprehensive Score for financial Toxicity (COST)-a validated measure of FT. Severity of FT was defined as 'no' (COST scores ≥ 26), 'mild' (14-25), and 'moderate/severe' (0-13).

resultsThirty-four percent of UK participants faced FT which was significantly lower compared to the USA/US at 55% (crude OR = 2.44, 95% CI 1.73-3.42). An ordered logistic regression model showed that in the USA/US, being 65 + years old (adjusted OR = 0.19, 95% CI 0.07-0.48), retired (aOR = 0.26, 95% CI 0.09-0.75), and having a higher household income (aOR ranged 0.03-0.19) decreased the risk of FT, whilst being female increased the risk (aOR = 1.83, 95% CI 1.01-3.32). In the UK, age and sex did not have an effect, but higher income and being retired showed an identical pattern compared to the US.

conclusionsFT was less prevalent and less severe in the UK, compared to the USA/US. The high prevalence of FT underscores the need to provide an additional level of protection to the most vulnerable groups than is currently offered in either country.

Indexed as

Cancer SurvivorsCost of IllnessNeoplasmsSurvivorsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAge FactorsCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedSurveys and QuestionnairesUnited KingdomCancerCancer survivorshipCOmprehensive Score for financial ToxicityFinancial toxicityUniversal health coverage

Identifiers

PMID40450106
PMCPMC12126310

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.