Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40448948›Full record

ArticleAnnals of work exposures and health2025

Impact of heat stress and protective clothing on healthcare workers: health, performance, and well-being in hospital settings.

Razan Wibowo, Malte Satow, Caroline Quartucci, Tobias Weinmann, Daniela Koller, Hein A M Daanen, Dennis Nowak, Stephan Bose-O Reilly, Stefan Rakete

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of work exposures and health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Razan WibowoInstitute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemssenstr. 5, Munich D-80336, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-7524-9973
Malte SatowInstitute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemssenstr. 5, Munich D-80336, Germany.ORCID 0009-0005-3703-7944
Caroline QuartucciInstitute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemssenstr. 5, Munich D-80336, Germany.
Tobias WeinmannInstitute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemssenstr. 5, Munich D-80336, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-4582-5191
Daniela KollerInstitute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, Munich D-81377, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-3203-7188
Hein A M DaanenFaculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1105, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-7459-0678
Dennis NowakInstitute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemssenstr. 5, Munich D-80336, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-7871-8686
Stephan Bose-O ReillyInstitute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemssenstr. 5, Munich D-80336, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-0204-3103
Stefan RaketeInstitute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemssenstr. 5, Munich D-80336, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-4851-513X

Funding

Berufsgenossenschaft für Gesundheitsdienst und Wohlfahrtspflege
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionHeat stress poses a recognized threat to human health. Despite growing evidence, its impact on healthcare workers (HCWs) remains underexplored. This study evaluates occupational heat stress in HCWs, assessing physiological responses and subjective well-being.

methodsTwelve HCWs from a German university hospital were monitored in non-air-conditioned intensive care units (ICU) and non-ICU settings during the summer of 2022 (mean indoor temperature of 26.5 °C) and again in the autumn of the same year or in March 2023 (mean indoor temperature of 23.6 °C). Physiological data (core body temperature, heart rate, and skin temperature) and subjective perceptions were measured using wearable sensors and questionnaires.

resultsIn summer, mean core body and skin temperatures were higher by 0.4 °C and 0.3 °C, respectively. ICU workers exhibited higher heart rates and reported greater mental demands, frustration, and discomfort, particularly when using personal protective equipment (PPE). Common symptoms included sweating, fatigue, and headaches.

conclusionWe observed some evidence suggesting that elevated indoor temperatures and reported PPE usage contribute to increased HCWs' heat strain, which could potentially affect health, safety, and performance. Given the observed trends, we recommend considering cooling vests and revising workplace standards to mitigate heat stress.

Indexed as

Health PersonnelHeat Stress DisordersPersonnel, HospitalProtective ClothingAdultBody TemperatureFemaleGermanyHeart RateHospitals, UniversityHot TemperatureHumansIntensive Care UnitsMaleMiddle AgedOccupational Exposurehealthcare workersheat stressphysiological monitoringprotective clothingwell-being

Identifiers

PMID40448948
PMCPMC12262050

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.