Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40448889›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2025

Diagnostic yield of Xpert MTB/RIF, Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra, and Truenat MTB assays on non-pulmonary samples from suspected cases of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB).

Anvita Gupta Malhotra, Leena Lokhande, Abhijit Pakhare, Payal Soni, Satya Prakash Vishwakarma, Anand Kumar Maurya, Jitendra Singh, Sarman Singh

Abstract readEvaluation StudyComparative Study
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In one paragraph

Article in European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Anvita Gupta MalhotraDepartment of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India.
Leena LokhandeDepartment of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India.
Abhijit PakhareDepartment of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India.
Payal SoniDepartment of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India.
Satya Prakash VishwakarmaDepartment of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India.
Anand Kumar MauryaDepartment of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India.
Jitendra SinghDepartment of Translational Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, M.P., 462020, India. jattinsingh@gmail.com.
Sarman SinghDepartment of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India. sarman_singh@yahoo.com.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0749-9647

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundExtrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) poses a diagnostic challenge due to its paucibacillary nature and low diagnostic yield of traditional methods. Molecular diagnostic tools like Xpert MTB/RIF, Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra, and Truenat MTB offer promising alternatives for the rapid and higher detection rates for pulmonary TB samples. However, the yield of these newly introduced molecular tests on extra-pulmonary samples requires country-specific evaluation and comparative analysis. METHODOLOGY: This study evaluated the diagnostic performance of Xpert MTB/RIF, Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra, and Truenat MTB assays in detecting EPTB on 211 clinical specimens collected at a tertiary care centre of central India. The assays' sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPP) were compared against a composite reference standard.

resultsXpert MTB/RIF Ultra exhibited the highest sensitivity (50%) for EPTB detection, outperforming the standard GeneXpert MTB/RIF (29.4%) and Truenat MTB (35.3%), with comparable specificity across all three assays. Among the specimen types, pus samples demonstrated the highest (value) diagnostic yield. These findings highlight the superior diagnostic capabilities of Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra, particularly in paucibacillary cases.

conclusionXpert Ultra demonstrates superior sensitivity for EPTB detection compared to Xpert MTB/RIF and Truenat MTB, making it a promising tool to enhance diagnostic accuracy in paucibacillary TB. Its adoption as a standard diagnostic method could significantly improve EPTB management. These findings advocate for integrating advanced molecular diagnostics into routine tuberculosis workflows to reduce diagnostic delays and improve patient outcomes. CLINICAL TRAIL NUMBER: Not applicable.

Indexed as

Molecular Diagnostic TechniquesMycobacterium tuberculosisTuberculosisAdultFemaleHumansIndiaMaleMiddle AgedPredictive Value of TestsSensitivity and SpecificityTuberculosis, ExtrapulmonaryYoung AdultDiagnostic accuracyExtrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB)Molecular diagnosticsTruenat MTBXpert MTB/RIFXpert MTB/RIF Ultra

Identifiers

PMID40448889

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.