ArticleJournal of diabetes investigation2025
Phenotypic characteristics of diabetic neuropathic pain and factors associated in patients with Diabetes Mellitus-type 2.
Article in Journal of diabetes investigation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Source-Specific Extracellular Vesicle Functions and Engineering Strategies for Chronic Pain Management: A Comprehensive Review.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
AIMS/
introductionTo identify subgroups of patients with diabetic neuropathic pain according to their phenotypic characteristics and factors associated with belonging to each of these groups. MATERIALS AND
methodsA multicenter cross-sectional study carried out in patients with DM-type2 and diabetic neuropathy. We recorded sociodemographic and clinical data, intensity of pain, pain phenotypes, mood disorders, sleep quality, social support, and health-related quality of life. A hierarchical cluster analysis was carried out to find groups according to their phenotype. The factors associated with belonging to these groups were assessed with a multinomial logistic regression model.
resultsFour phenotypic groups were found: G1 with longer pain duration, predominance of pain provoked by brushing or pressure, and sensation of pins/needles and tingling; G2 characterized by stabbing, pins and needles, and electric shocks; G3 with lower scores in all the NPSI items; and G4 with low-moderate scores in almost all the items, but showing some level of pins and needles and tingling. Intensity and duration of pain, and level of anxiety were the factors associated with belonging to G1, G2, and G4 with respect to G3, although the magnitude of the risk was slightly different among them.
conclusionsSpecific treatment strategies should be developed for the different profiles found, with special attention to those with more pain and anxiety levels, including cognitive-behavioral therapies or mindfulness-based interventions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.