ArticleCommunications medicine2025
International importance and spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants Alpha, Delta, and Omicron BA.1 into Spain.
Article in Communications medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Mental Health Among Spanish Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic and in the Post-Pandemic Period: A Gender Analysis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe spread of SARS-CoV-2 has been influenced by multiple factors, from the inherent transmission capabilities of the different variants to the control measurements put in place. Understanding how new variants enter a country is essential for managing future outbreaks. This study investigates how three major variants-Alpha, Delta, and Omicron (BA.1)-entered Spain and how different restrictions potentially affected their introduction.
methodsWe collected Spanish and international SARS-CoV-2 genomes from the GISAID database. Leveraging connectivity data from different countries with Spain, we performed a phylodynamic Bayesian analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 introductions into Spain.
resultsMost introductions of the Alpha variant originated from France. As travel restrictions eased, the number of introductions from different countries increased. During the Delta and Omicron waves, the United Kingdom and Germany became important sources of the virus. The highest number of introductions occurred during the Delta wave, coinciding with fewer travel restrictions and the summer season, when Spain receives a considerable number of tourists.
conclusionsOur findings highlight the role of international travel in the spread of new variants. They underscore the importance of monitoring travel patterns and implementing targeted public health measures to manage the spread of SARS-CoV-2.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.