Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40447679›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Prevalence of environmental tobacco smoke by industry in central America: findings from the II central American survey of working conditions and health.

Tracey E Barnett, Aro N Choi, David Gimeno Ruiz de Porras

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Tracey E BarnettDepartment of Quantitative and Qualitative Health Sciences, UT School of Public Health San Antonio, UT Health San Antonio, 8403 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA. barnettt2@uthscsa.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2932-1540
Aro N ChoiDepartment of Quantitative and Qualitative Health Sciences, UT School of Public Health San Antonio, UT Health San Antonio, 8403 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2502-0465
David Gimeno Ruiz de PorrasDepartment of Environmental and Occupational Health, UT School of Public Health San Antonio, UT Health San Antonio, 8403 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6228-9749

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure remains a preventable cause of illness and death worldwide. Tobacco smoke bans reduce exposure, but enforcement in Central America has been slow. Workplaces can reduce ETS impact through policies. This study assessed ETS exposure across various industries in Central America. Data were drawn from II Central American Working Conditions and Health Survey administered between February and June of 2018. The prevalence of ETS and 95% CIs were calculated. Survey-weighted logistic regression models were used to estimate the associations of exposure to ETS with industry, socio-demographics, and working conditions. Among the 9,032 workers studied, 61.3% were male, 43.8% were aged 25-45, and 32.4% worked in agriculture. ETS exposure was highest in the transportation industry (40.1%) and lowest in education/healthcare (11.5%). Males (OR = 1.33; 95%CI: 1.01-1.76), workers with high psychological demands (OR = 1.92; 95%CI: 1.49-2.47), and current smokers (OR = 4.46; 95%CI: 3.27-6.08) had higher odds of ETS exposure. Exposure to ETS in Central American workplaces remains high, varying by industry. Despite policy changes in the region, the high ETS exposure indicates weak enforcement.

Indexed as

IndustryOccupational ExposureTobacco Smoke PollutionAdultCentral AmericaFemaleHealth SurveysHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceSurveys and QuestionnairesWorking ConditionsWorkplaceYoung AdultTobacco Smoke PollutionEnvironmental tobacco smoke pollutionIndustryOccupationTobacco policy

Identifiers

PMID40447679
PMCPMC12125175

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.