Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40444676›Full record

ArticleBrain and behavior2025

Neuropsychological Function and the Relationship Between Subjective Cognition, Objective Cognition, and Symptoms in Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome.

Amber Sousa, Min-Kyung Jung, Arline Allera, Bernadette Riley

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Brain and behavior, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Impaired attention and cognitive deficits associated with pain and autonomic symptoms in hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: a pilot study.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Amber SousaNew York Institute of Technology (NYIT) College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, New York, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6861-0305
Min-Kyung JungNew York Institute of Technology (NYIT) College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, New York, USA.
Arline AlleraNew York Institute of Technology (NYIT) College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, New York, USA.
Bernadette RileyNew York Institute of Technology (NYIT) College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, New York, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionHypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (hEDS), a subtype of the Ehlers-Danlos syndromes, is a connective tissue disorder that is associated with a number of cognitive and psychological symptoms. Very little research has directly examined the neuropsychological functioning profile in hEDS, but some research has found associations of hypermobility with cognitive difficulties, psychological symptoms, and structural brain differences.

methodsThe current research compared a 12-matched-pairs sample of individuals with hEDS to healthy controls on a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery, as well as measures of mood, pain levels, fatigue, subjective cognition, and ability to perform social activities. Participants were matched for age, gender, and years of education. A second analysis was completed for a larger group of 18 participants with hEDS to examine associations of cognition and other symptoms with subjective cognition.

resultsOur results did not reveal significant cognitive differences between the two groups for most cognitive measures. However, individuals with hEDS had lower scores for delayed verbal memory recall. In the larger hEDS sample, correlations between subjective cognition, objective cognitive test performance, and other clinical variables revealed significant correlations between subjective cognition and visuospatial planning and construction, working memory, and set-shifting. Additionally, subjective cognition was associated with anxiety, depression, fatigue, pain, and the ability to participate in social activities.

conclusionWe conclude that cognitive difficulties reported by individuals with hEDS are likely fluctuating and may correspond with fluctuating symptoms including dysautonomia, pain, and sleep difficulties. Furthermore, subjective cognition appears to be especially correlated with other related symptoms of mood, pain, and fatigue.

Indexed as

CognitionEhlers-Danlos SyndromeAdultFatigueFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeuropsychological TestsYoung Adultcognitionhypermobile Ehlers‐Danlos syndromememoryneuropsychologysubjective cognition

Identifiers

PMID40444676
PMCPMC12123449

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.