ArticleChild development
The Emotional Vaccine: Maternal Caregiving in Infancy Shaped Future Preschoolers' Internalizing Symptoms During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Article in Child development. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Changing Longitudinal Associations Between Home-Rearing Environments and Child Developmental Atypicality Across Two Decades.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- How does maternal "belief in a dangerous world" affect maternal and child depressive symptoms during times of crisis?Journal of affective disorders reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The present study assessed both concurrent and early influences of the maternal caregiving environment to examine unique contributions of each to variation in children's emotional responses to COVID-19 pandemic. Preschoolers (3-5 years; M = 4.12, SD = 0.49) previously assessed in infancy, several years prior to pandemic outbreak, were re-assessed during pandemic-related nationwide lockdown (N = 200; 50% female; 63.5% secular Jews; 2016; 2021). Maternal stress during lockdown significantly moderated (β = 0.13, p < 0.05) and mediated (β = 0.08, p < 0.05) concurrent associations between preschoolers' dose of exposure (DOE) to COVID-19 psychosocial stressors and symptoms. Furthermore, maternal sensitive care observed in infancy significantly moderated future associations between preschoolers' DOE and symptoms (β = -0.16, p < 0.05). Longitudinal protective effects of infant care remained significant after controlling for caregiver stress and behavior during the lockdown.
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