ArticleJournal of risk and uncertainty2023
Effects of E-Cigarette Minimum Legal Sales Ages on Youth Tobacco Use in the United States.
Article in Journal of risk and uncertainty, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Electronic cigarettes and subsequent cigarette smoking in young people: A systematic review.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review and network meta-analysis of population-level interventions to tackle smoking behaviour.Nature human behaviour · 2024Pooled it
- Patterns of specialty tobacco retail locations and visitor counts in the USA.Tobacco control · 2026Article
- Electronic cigarette use, related health outcomes and policy interventions in the USA: a call for research to fill evidence gaps.Tobacco control · 2026Review
- Novel product, familiar challenges: Navigating uncertainty in oral nicotine pouch regulation.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Article
- E-CIGARETTE FLAVOR RESTRICTIONS' EFFECTS ON TOBACCO PRODUCT SALES.American journal of health economics · 2026Article
- Policy influences on adolescent risk perceptions of vaping.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2025Article
- Unreliable evidence from problematic risk of bias assessments: Comment on Begh et al., 'Electronic cigarettes and subsequent cigarette smoking in young people: A systematic review'.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Article
- The effect of e-cigarette flavor bans on tobacco use.Journal of health economics · 2025Article
- Recommendations for future research exploring e-cigarette use and later cigarette smoking in young people: Results from a consultation exercise.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Article
- Flavored E-Cigarette Sales Restrictions and Young Adult Tobacco Use.JAMA health forum · 2024Article
- The effect of vertical identification card laws on teenage tobacco and alcohol use.Health economics · 2024Article
- Electronic cigarettes and subsequent use of cigarettes in young people: An evidence and gap map.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2024Review
- The "Gateway" hypothesis: evaluation of evidence and alternative explanations.Harm reduction journal · 2024Review
- Estimating the effects of tobacco-21 on youth tobacco use and sales.Journal of health economics · 2024Article
- Patterns, clusters, and transitions in U.S. state ENDS policy implementation: 2010-2020.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Tobacco Policy and ENDS Policy Influences on Adolescent Vaping Across the U.S. States.American journal of preventive medicine · 2023Article
- The effect of e-cigarette taxes on prepregnancy and prenatal smoking.Journal of policy analysis and management : [the journal of the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management] · 2023Article
- Intended and unintended effects of e-cigarette taxes on youth tobacco use.Journal of health economics · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
Abstract
In the United States, individual states established a minimum legal sale age (MLSA) for e-cigarettes between 2010 and 2016 when a federal MLSA came into place. These policies provide a natural experiment from which we can better understand the effect that e-cigarettes have on youth combustible tobacco use. This paper uses National Youth Tobacco Survey data to estimate the effect of the gradual roll-out of e-cigarette MLSAs in the United States on youth e-cigarette use, cigarette use, and cigar use (i.e., cigars, cigarillos, or little cigars). Using an estimator designed to correct for dynamic heterogeneity in treatment effects, e-cigarette MLSAs are estimated to reduce lifetime e-cigarette use by approximately 25% and increase daily cigarette use and daily cigar use by approximately 35%. Therefore, these MLSAs operate as intended in reducing e-cigarette use, although at the expense of more dangerous combustible tobacco use. The Food and Drug Administration should consider the impact of e-cigarette availability in reducing youth combustible tobacco use as an important public health benefit of e-cigarettes in their regulatory activity.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.