ReviewJournal of oral & maxillofacial research
Necrotic Lesions Associated with Desomorphine ("Krokodil") Drug Abuse: a Systematic Review.
Review in Journal of oral & maxillofacial research. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: This systematic review of case reports and case series aims to identify the types of necrotic alterations caused by desomorphine ("Krokodil") and the diagnostic methods used in such cases. Material and Methods: An advanced search was conducted on 30 January 2025 in the Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases using the selected keywords and MeSH terms. The research was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. A total of 54 records were identified and screened for eligibility. After meticulous evaluation by two independent reviews, 15 articles were included in this systematic review. Results: Of the included 251 cases, 247 discussed osteonecrosis of the facial bones. Three out of the four cases discussing limb necrosis presented a high risk of bias. The most commonly used paraclinical diagnostic methods were: radiological examination (radiographs, cone-beam computed tomography, etc.), histopathological examination, microbiological tests, and blood tests. Other less common methods included scintigraphy and C-terminal telopeptide tests. This systematic review did not identify enough cases discussing desomorphine-associated skin lesions. Conclusions: Desomorphine ("Krokodil") is a dangerous drug that causes different local and systemic damages, including soft-tissue lesions and bone necrosis. Future studies should focus on the distribution of the necrotic lesions according to the affected tissues/organs, and the possible correlation between the drug use period and the clinical findings.
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