Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40443227›Full record

ArticleGut microbes2025

Human microbiota influence the immune cell composition and gene expression in the tumor environment of a murine model of glioma.

George B H Green, Alexis N Cox-Holmes, Gillian H Marlow, Anna Claire E Potier, Yong Wang, Lianna Zhou, Dongquan Chen, Casey D Morrow, Braden C McFarland

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Gut microbes, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

George B H GreenDepartment of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA.
Alexis N Cox-HolmesDepartment of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA.
Gillian H MarlowDepartment of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA.
Anna Claire E PotierDepartment of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA.
Yong WangDepartment of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA.
Lianna ZhouDepartment of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA.
Dongquan ChenDepartment of Genetics, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Casey D MorrowDepartment of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA.
Braden C McFarlandDepartment of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA.

Funding

XRAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHYP30CA013148 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI Omer Jamy · 1985 to 2026
$165.9M
Employing Humanized Microbiome Mice to Understand Immune Activation and Translational Therapeutic Potential in GlioblastomaR01CA270750 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI Braden Cox McFarland · 2023 to 2026
$1.3M
Training Program in Brain Tumor BiologyT32NS121721 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI Anita Borton Hjelmeland · 2024 to 2026
$503k
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA013148NCI NIH HHS R01 CA270750NINDS NIH HHS T32 NS121721
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundImmunotherapy has shown success against other cancers but not glioblastoma. Previous data has revealed that microbiota influences anti-PD-1 efficacy. We have previously found that, when using gnotobiotic mice transplanted with human fecal microbiota, the gut microbial composition influenced the response to anti-PD-1 in a mouse model of glioma. However, the role of the human microbiota in influencing the mouse immune cells in the glioma microenvironment and anti-PD-1 response was largely unknown. Using two distinct humanized microbiome (HuM) lines, we used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to determine how gut microbiota affect immune infiltration and gene expression in a murine glioma model.

methods16S rRNA sequencing was performed on fecal samples from HuM1 (H1) and HuM2 (H2) mice. Mice were intracranially injected with murine glioma cells (GL261), and on day 13 treated with one dose of isotype control or anti-PD1. Mice were euthanized on day 14 for analysis of all immune cells in the tumors by scRNA-seq.

resultsHuM1 and HuM2 mice had different microbial populations, with HuM1 being primarily dominated via

conclusionsMicrobial gut communities influence the presence and gene activation patterns of immune cells in the brain tumors of mice both under control (isotype) and following anti-PD-1 treatment.

Indexed as

Brain NeoplasmsGastrointestinal MicrobiomeGliomaTumor MicroenvironmentAnimalsBacteriaCell Line, TumorDisease Models, AnimalFecesHumansMiceMice, Inbred C57BLProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorRNA, Ribosomal, 16SProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorRNA, Ribosomal, 16SglioblastomaimmunotherapymacrophageMicrobiomescRNA-seq

Identifiers

PMID40443227
PMCPMC12128662

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.