ArticleHistology and histopathology2026
High histamine expression by early-stage squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue is associated with a poor prognosis.
Article in Histology and histopathology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundAlthough not widely known, several types of cancers express histamine. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the tongue is one such cancer, and histamine expression is associated with the tumor microenvironment. Our aim was to examine whether histamine expression is a useful prognostic factor for tongue SCC.
methodsHistamine cannot be accurately measured directly because it is rapidly degraded after secretion. Therefore, L-histidine decarboxylase (HDC), an enzyme that synthesizes histamine in a single step, was used to estimate histamine secretion. In a retrospective study, tongue SCC samples from patients were immunohistochemically stained for HDC; the staining intensity was semi-quantified and evaluated relative to indices used in histopathological diagnosis.
resultsHigh expression of HDC was associated with the worst tumor invasion and tumor budding. Overall survival curves revealed that patients with tongue SCC showing high HDC expression had a poor prognosis.
conclusionThe expression of histamine may be a prognostic indicator for tongue SCC.
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