Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40442534›Full record

ArticleMolecular neurobiology2025

Dermorphin [D-Arg2, Lys4] (1-4) Amide Attenuates Burn Pain by Inhibiting TRPV1/NR2B Mediated Neuroinflammatory Signalling.

Ajay Modi, Ankit Uniyal, Akhilesh, Vineeta Tiwari, Deepak Chouhan, Somesh Agrawal, Obulapathi Ummadisetty, Vinod Tiwari

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In one paragraph

Article in Molecular neurobiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Peptide-Based Approaches for Pain Relief and Healing in Wounds.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Ajay ModiNeuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Ankit UniyalNeuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
AkhileshNeuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Vineeta TiwariNeuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Deepak ChouhanNeuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Somesh AgrawalNeuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Obulapathi UmmadisettyNeuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Vinod TiwariNeuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India. vtiwari.phe@iitbhu.ac.in.

Funding

Prime Minister's Research Fellowship (MHRD) 1101578Science and Engineering Research Board CRG/2020/002621/BHS
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Burn injury-induced chronic pain is a highly debilitating condition that profoundly impacts the well-being of military veterans and the general population. Current pain management for burn injured patients mainly relies on central opioids, often causing sedation, addiction, and physical dependence. This study aims to investigate the effects of Dermorphin [D-Arg2, Lys4] (1-4) amide (DALDA), a peripherally acting μ-opioid receptor (MOR) agonist in an animal model of burn injury-induced chronic pain while unravelling the underlying mechanisms. Soldering apparatus was used to induce burn pain in Sprague Dawley rats followed by testing for both evoked and ongoing pain behaviours. Molecular investigations were performed for TRPV1, NR2B, neuro-inflammatory and glia cell markers (TNF-α, IL-6, Iba-1 & ICAM-1), and neuropeptides (CGRP), using western blotting and RT-PCR analysis. Burn-injured rats exhibited significant hypersensitivity to mechanical, thermal, and cold stimuli, along with severe ongoing pain. Systemic administration of DALDA significantly reduced evoked pain behaviour in a dose-dependent manner (1, 3, and 10 mg/kg), with the 10 mg/kg s.c. dose effectively alleviating spontaneous pain without causing drug addiction. DALDA also restored antioxidant enzyme levels in the sciatic nerve and downregulated burn injury-induced molecular changes, including TRPV1, NR2B, and CGRP, as well as neuroinflammatory markers such as TNF-α and IL-6 in the DRG and spinal cord of rats. Activation of peripheral μ-opioid receptors efficiently mitigates both evoked and spontaneous pain in burn-injured rats, without causing central nervous system (CNS)-related side effects. Findings from the present study demonstrate a promising approach to mitigate burn pain, overcoming the limitations associated with centrally acting opioids.

Indexed as

BurnsNeuroinflammatory DiseasesOpioid PeptidesPainSignal TransductionTRPV Cation ChannelsAnimalsMaleRatsRats, Sprague-DawleydermorphinOpioid PeptidesTrpv1 protein, ratTRPV Cation ChannelsBurn painDALDAInflammationPeripheral MO-RTRP channels

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.