Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40442229›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Evaluation of combined BCG and SARS-CoV-2 vaccination for immune enhancement and lung protection in Syrian hamsters.

Abbas Ashtari, Bahar Nayeri Fasaei, Morteza Taghizadeh, Seyed Mehdi Joghataei, Mehran Dabaghian, Nader Mosavari, Mohammad Eslampanah, Ayyoob Arpanaei

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In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Abbas AshtariDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Bahar Nayeri FasaeiDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. nayerib@ut.ac.ir.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2373-4667
Morteza TaghizadehDepartment of Human Vaccine, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
Seyed Mehdi JoghataeiDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Mehran DabaghianDepartment of Biotechnology, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
Nader MosavariBovine Reference Laboratory, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
Mohammad EslampanahDepartment of Animal Pathology and Epidemiology, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
Ayyoob ArpanaeiScion, Private Bag 3020, Rotorua, 3046, New Zealand.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 (SCV2) has posed significant global challenges, necessitating improved immunization strategies to enhance protection and mitigate disease severity. Combining Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) with SCV2 vaccine shows potential due to BCG's immunomodulatory properties and ability to induce trained immunity. This study evaluates the efficacy of a combined BCG and SCV2 vaccine regimen in enhancing immune responses, controlling viral load, and reducing lung pathology following a live SCV2 challenge in a Syrian hamster model. In this controlled, randomized study, hamsters were divided into six groups and immunized with various BCG and SCV2 vaccine regimens. Hamsters were randomized into six groups: Group A received a high dose of BCG (5 × 10⁶ CFU) plus SCV2 vaccine on Days 0 and 14; Group B (control) received PBS; Group C received BCG alone; Group D received SCV2 vaccine alone; Group E received a BCG/SCV2 combination on Day 0 and SCV2 booster on Day 14; Group F received a low BCG dose (5 × 10³ CFU) plus SCV2 on both days. Post-challenge, weight changes, lung histopathology, neutralizing antibody titers, and viral load were assessed using qRT-PCR, TCID

Indexed as

BCG VaccineCOVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesLungSARS-CoV-2AnimalsAntibodies, ViralCricetinaeDisease Models, AnimalFemaleMesocricetusVaccinationViral LoadAntibodies, ViralBCG VaccineCOVID-19 VaccinesBacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG)QRT-PCRSARS-CoV-2Syrian hamsterVaccine

Identifiers

PMID40442229
PMCPMC12122895

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.