ArticleJAMA network open2025
Psychiatric Health Risks in North Korean Refugee Youths Resettled in South Korea.
Article in JAMA network open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Socioeconomic Factors and Health Disparities Among North Korean Refugee Populations.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Psychiatric events induced by roflumilast: a real-world pharmacovigilance study of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System database.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Health Resilience and Inequality in Healthcare Utilization: A Longitudinal Comparison Between North Korean Refugees and South Korean Residents.Journal of migration and health · 2026Article
- Mental Health Status of North Korean Refugee Adolescents Living in South Korea: A Comparative Study with South Korean Adolescents.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Cardiovascular disease risk disparities between immigrants and native Koreans: a population-based study in Gwangju, Korea.Epidemiology and health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Importance: Migrant and refugee populations are increasing globally, and children and adolescents in these populations are particularly susceptible to mental disorders. North Korean refugee (NKR) youths now living in South Korea share a culture, language, and history with South Korean (SK) youths, making these 2 groups suitable for studying the environmental factors in psychiatric health. Objective: To compare the risk of developing mental illness and individual psychiatric disorders among NKR youths and SK youths. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cohort study obtained data from Korea's National Health Insurance Service claims database from 2005 to 2021. Participants were aged 1 to 18 years between 2007 and 2010 who had no prior psychiatric claims, whether as outpatients or inpatients. Children and adolescents of the SK general population matched 1:10 on sex and age were compared with the NKR youth population. Statistical analyses were performed from August 2024 to March 2025. Main Outcomes and Measures: Risk, presented as hazard ratio (HR), of developing psychiatric disorders in NKR youths compared with SK youths. This risk was assessed using a Cox proportional hazards regression model and Kaplan-Meier time-to-event probabilities. Results: In total, 1618 NKR youths (810 males [50.1%]; mean [SD] age, 9.48 [4.62] years) and 308 927 SK youths (194 331 females [62.9%]; mean [SD] age, 11.80 [4.72] years) were included in this study. NKR youths showed a significantly higher risk of developing psychiatric disorders (HR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.17-1.43) compared with SK youths. Individual psychiatric disorder risks were higher for NKR youths, including posttraumatic stress disorder (HR, 2.33; 95% CI, 1.34-4.06; P = .003), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (HR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.32-2.11; P < .001), bipolar affective disorders (HR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.20-2.15; P < .001), major depressive disorder (HR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.33-1.75; P < .001), and anxiety (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.11-1.42; P < .001). Conclusions and Relevance: In this cohort study, compared with SK youths, NKR youths showed a significantly higher risk of developing psychiatric disorders overall and individual psychiatric disorders, such as posttraumatic stress disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, and anxiety. This finding is important for establishing medical and educational service plans and policies for the increasing number of refugee youths in South Korea.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.