Observational studyJournal of general internal medicine2025
The Gender Gap in EHR Workload: A Comparative Analysis of Primary Care Physician In Basket Usage.
Observational study in Journal of general internal medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Physician burnout in rheumatology: are medical scribes part of the solution?Clinical rheumatology · 2026Review
- A scoping review of studies on secure messaging through patient portals: persistent challenges and potential solutions.npj health systems · 2026Article
- Assessing workload, compensation, and burnout in academic dermatology: a national multi-institutional survey study.International journal of women's dermatology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGender disparities in emotional exhaustion and burnout are well-recognized, but few studies have assessed gender differences in EHR patient portal workload and implications for clinician well-being.
objectiveTo investigate gender differences in EHR in basket activity, workload, and burnout among physicians.
designObservational analysis of EHR usage data and survey responses.
participants406 physicians (43.1% men, 56.9% women) at a large academic medical center. MAIN MEASURES: Time spent on EHR activities, including in basket tasks, orders, and notes. Survey responses were collected on factors contributing to burnout, experiences with patient portal messages, and perceptions of EHR usability. KEY
resultsWomen physicians spent significantly more time on orders (34.00 vs 28.39 min/day, p = 0.004) and notes (70.38 vs 53.17 min/day, p = 0.004) than men physicians. Women physicians were more likely to report that patient portal messages required more clinical assessment (OR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.05-2.45, p = 0.0297) and contributed to burnout (OR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.12-2.79, p = 0.0152). They were also more likely to receive negative messages from patients (OR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.08-2.42, p = 0.0204). Interestingly, women physicians found EHR systems easier to learn (OR = 2.03, 95% CI: 1.37-3.02, p < .0001) and were less likely to feel EHRs inhibited quality care (OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.43-0.74, p < .0001) compared to men physicians.
conclusionGender disparities exist in EHR usage and patient communication, and these disparities are associated with increased burnout risk among women physicians. Effective leadership engagement is essential for optimizing EHR workflows, promoting equitable work practices, and implementing flexible work provisions that ensure safe and sustainable care delivery.
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