Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40439549›Full record

ArticleEmerging infectious diseases2025

Usutu Virus Antibody Dynamics in Naturally Infected Blackbirds, the Netherlands, 2016-2018.

Erwin de Bruin, Jurrian van Irsel, Felicity Chandler, Robert Kohl, Tess van de Voorde, Anne van der Linden, Fred de Boer, Marion Koopmans, Henk van der Jeugd, Chantal Reusken

Abstract readHistorical Article
In one paragraph

Article in Emerging infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. First Usutu Virus Infection in an Asymptomatic Blood Donor in Greece.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Erwin de Bruin
Jurrian van Irsel
Felicity Chandler
Robert Kohl
Tess van de Voorde
Anne van der Linden
Fred de Boer
Marion Koopmans
Henk van der Jeugd
Chantal Reusken

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Usutu virus is a zoonotic arbovirus that causes massive mortality in blackbirds. Using a unique longitudinal dataset on the kinetics of virus-specific antibodies in naturally infected wild blackbirds (Turdus merula), we found that individual birds may remain seropositive for >1 year and that reinfection can occur despite low-level virus neutralizing antibodies.

Indexed as

Antibodies, ViralBird DiseasesFlavivirusFlavivirus InfectionsAnimalsAntibodies, NeutralizingHistory, 21st CenturyNetherlandsAntibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, Viralantibodiesarbovirusesblackbirdsthe NetherlandsTurdus merulaUsutu virusvector-borne infectionsvirusesWest Nile viruszoonoses

Identifiers

PMID40439549
PMCPMC12123932

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.