ArticlePrimary health care research & development2025
Evaluation of the effects of addiction levels and physical activity capacities of smokers on exhaled carbon monoxide level.
Article in Primary health care research & development, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Validity of the Fagerström test for nicotine dependence among persons with intellectual disabilities: Cross-sectional evidence from the POWER PID study.Tobacco prevention & cessation · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
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Abstract
aimThis study aims to evaluate the effect of smokers' nicotine addiction levels and physical activity capacities (aerobic capacities) on exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) measurement values in respiratory air.
methodsThis study is a cross-sectional epidemiological descriptive type study. About 146 smokers, aged 18 and above, who applied to Hacettepe University Family Medicine outpatient clinics between March and May 2023 were included in the study. The Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) and 6-minute walk test (6-MWT) were performed to the participants, and the relationship of the data with exhaled CO level was examined.
resultsIn the data we obtained, it was observed that the addiction score evaluated by the FTND had a positive, moderately statistically significant effect on the CO level (r = 0.483 p < 0.001). Although the percentage of aerobic capacity (physical activity capacities) assessed by the 6-MWT appeared to have a very weak negative relationship with the exhaled CO level, it was found to be not statistically significant (r = -0.112 p = 0.177).
conclusionThe data we obtained showed that smoking addiction has harmful effects such as increasing CO in the body, but there is no relationship between physical activity and the amount of exhaled CO. It has been observed that quitting smoking and complying with lifestyle change recommendations are an important necessity for a healthier life. To improve patients' overall health outcomes, family physicians are crucial in helping patients quit smoking and encouraging lifestyle modifications. This study might have encouraged the reflection of smoking habits and thus motivated quitting.
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