Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40439199›Full record

SynthesisWestern journal of nursing research2025

Effects of Physical Activity on Health Among Informal Caregivers of People With Cognitive Decline: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Sangwoo Ahn, Sandra J Cobb, Rochelle Butler, Saeed M Abdullah, Marie P Boltz, Misook L Chung, Patricia N E Roberson, Jung-Ah Lee, Xiaopeng Zhao, Joel G Anderson

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Western journal of nursing research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Sangwoo AhnRoss and Carol Nese College of Nursing, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9492-4970
Sandra J CobbDepartment of Neurology Memory Disorders Clinic, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Rochelle ButlerOffice of Innovative Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
Saeed M AbdullahCollege of Information Sciences and Technology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Marie P BoltzRoss and Carol Nese College of Nursing, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1133-2249
Misook L ChungSchool of Nursing, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
Patricia N E RobersonCollege of Nursing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
Jung-Ah LeeSue & Bill Gross School of Nursing, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
Xiaopeng ZhaoDepartment of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
Joel G AndersonCollege of Nursing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCaregiving for people living with cognitive decline, including Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, can negatively affect informal caregivers' health.

objectiveOur review aimed to systematically evaluate the effects of physical activity on physical and psychological health and well-being among informal caregivers of people with cognitive decline because no comprehensive evidence has been drawn so far.

methodsA literature search of 9 databases was conducted to identify appropriate randomized controlled trials. Meta-analysis was performed using STATA (version 18.0) with the standardized mean difference (Hedge's

resultsTwelve studies were included (n = 1163 total participants, all of whom were informal caregivers of people with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias; mean age = 64 years), 2 of which were rated as strong in methodological quality, 1 as weak, and the remaining 9 showing moderate quality. Physical activity, consisting of walking, Tai Chi, or multicomponent activities (aerobic, strengthening, stretching, and/or balance activities), exerted beneficial effects on static balance as an element of physical health and psychological well-being as an element of well-being with moderate effect sizes.

conclusionsNurses may suggest that informal caregivers engage in physical activity to improve physical and mental well-being, potentially decreasing onerous aspects of caregiving. Given the limited number of studies in our review, future research is warranted to identify the optimal type and dose of physical activity to improve informal caregivers' health.

Indexed as

CaregiversCognitive DysfunctionExerciseAlzheimer DiseaseHumansAlzheimer’s diseasecognitive impairmenthealthinformal caregiversmeta-analysisphysical activity

Identifiers

PMID40439199
PMCPMC12238670

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.