Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40439118›Full record

ReviewMass spectrometry reviews

Analysis of Methylated Quaternary Ammonium Compounds Using Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography Combined With Mass Spectrometry.

Iman Zarei, Ambrin Farizah Babu, Ville M Koistinen, Marjo Tuomainen, Anna Kårlund, Retu Haikonen, Marko Lehtonen, Kati Hanhineva

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Mass spectrometry reviews. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Integrated UHPLC-QTOF-MSJournal of computer-aided molecular design · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Iman ZareiSchool of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Ambrin Farizah BabuSchool of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Ville M KoistinenSchool of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Marjo TuomainenSchool of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Anna KårlundSchool of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Retu HaikonenSchool of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Marko LehtonenSchool of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Kati HanhinevaSchool of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.ORCID 0000-0001-6834-7375

Funding

This work was financially supported by the Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme of European Union (Grant 874739 for the LongITools project), the Research Council of Finland (nos. 321716 and 334814), and Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation.
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is a powerful technique for the detection and quantification of methylated quaternary ammonium compounds (mQACs), such as acylcarnitines and methylated amino-acid-derived (betainized) compounds, in biological matrices. Due to their high polarity and permanent charge, mQACs present analytical challenges, particularly in achieving efficient chromatographic retention and resolution. Here, we focus on the application of hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometric (HILIC-MS), for the analysis of these compound classes in biological samples. We highlight practical considerations in their analysis, including their MS/MS fragmentation patterns and identification in positive electrospray mode (ESI)

Indexed as

Mass SpectrometryQuaternary Ammonium CompoundsTandem Mass SpectrometryAnimalsChromatography, LiquidHumansHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsMetabolomicsMethylationSpectrometry, Mass, Electrospray IonizationQuaternary Ammonium Compoundsacylcarnitinesbetainized compoundselectrospray ionization (ESI)hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC)liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (LC–MS)metabolomicsmethylated quaternary ammonium compound (mQAC)

Identifiers

PMID40439118
PMCPMC12706699

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.