Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40438756›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychology2025

Cross-lagged analysis of mobile phone addiction and bedtime procrastination: a comparison of gender and perceived stress levels among Chinese college students.

Xiujian Lin, Xueping Fu, Yuhao Shen, Gaoyang Liu, Ningning Ding, Guohua Zhang, Jun Qian

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Xiujian Lin *School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Xueping Fu *Renji College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Yuhao ShenSchool of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Gaoyang LiuSchool of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Ningning DingSchool of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Guohua ZhangSchool of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Jun QianSchool of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the longitudinal relationship between Mobile Phone Addiction (MPA) and Bedtime Procrastination (BP) and to analyze differences across various gender and stress level groups, providing a theoretical basis and practical guidance for the development of relevant intervention strategies. Methods: A longitudinal research design was employed, conducting two surveys among 1,423 first-year to junior college students at a university in Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, in November 2021 and May 2022. Measurements were taken using the Mobile Phone Addiction Scale, Bedtime Procrastination Scale, and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). Data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 24.0, employing methods such as descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, repeated measures variance analysis, and structural equation modeling. Results: The study found that both MPA and BP are on the rise among college students and share a bidirectional longitudinal relationship. Under low-stress conditions, MPA significantly predicted subsequent BP, while under high-stress, BP significantly predicted subsequent MPA. Additionally, gender-specific analyses revealed that MPA significantly predicted subsequent BP in both male and female students, but BP only significantly predicted subsequent MPA in female students. Conclusion: MPA and BP mutually influence each other among college students, with this relationship being moderated by stress levels and gender. Personalized intervention measures should be adopted for college students of different genders and stress levels to effectively prevent and alleviate MPA and BP, promoting the healthy growth and comprehensive development of college students.

Indexed as

bedtime procrastinationcollege studentsgender differencemobile phone addictionperceived stress levels

Identifiers

PMID40438756
PMCPMC12116679

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.