ArticleTherapeutic advances in drug safety2025
Real-world insights into safety, tolerability, and predictive factors of adverse drug reactions in treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with pirfenidone and nintedanib.
Article in Therapeutic advances in drug safety, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Efficacy and Safety of Anticoagulants in Patients With Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Meta-Analysis.Canadian respiratory journal · 2025Pooled it
- AI-driven discovery of natural product-derived FAK1 inhibitors for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Molecular diversity · 2026Article
- Combatting pulmonary fibrosis withChinese herbal medicines · 2026Review
- A Scoping Review of Emerging Treatments in the Pipeline for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Future Perspectives.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Phloridzin mitigates bleomycin-elicited lung fibrosis in Wistar rats: The interplay between antioxidant defenses, inflammatory processes, transforming growth factor beta 1, and autophagy.Toxicology reports · 2026Article
- Comparison of the Efficacy of Pirfenidone and Nintedanib in the Treatment of Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis-A Single-Center Experience.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Rubiadin-1-methyl ether alleviates bleomycin induced pulmonary fibrosis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Genomic medicine in hepatology: mechanisms and liver treatment strategies.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Review
- Advances in the research and application of stem cell therapies for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.American journal of clinical and experimental immunology · 2025Review
- An Overview of the Role of Genetic factors in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Insights from Epidemiology to Prognosis.International journal of medical sciences · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, life-threatening lung disease with a global incidence of 0.09-1.30 per 10,000 individuals. Pirfenidone and nintedanib are the approved treatments for IPF. Objectives: This study evaluated the real-world safety and tolerability profiles of pirfenidone and nintedanib in IPF patients treated at the Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT). A comparative analysis was conducted based on the number, types, and severity of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and to identify potential predictors of treatment discontinuation or ADR onset based on patient characteristics. Design: A retrospective observational study was conducted on 531 IPF patients treated at IRCCS ISMETT with either pirfenidone or nintedanib. Methods: Eligible patients were selected based on the logged monthly dispensations provided by the pharmacy service for both therapies. Covariates were extracted from electronic medical records (age, sex, body mass index, smoking history, comorbidities, forced vital capacity (FVC) %, diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) %, 6-minute walk test (6-MWT), polytherapy, oxygen therapy, drug switch, etc.). ADRs were categorized by severity and follow-up status, and further classified according to the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities, specifying the Preferred Terms and the related System Organ Classes. Chi-square or Fisher's exact test was used for categorical variables, and univariate and multiple logistic regression identified potential risk factors for ADR onset. Backward Stepwise logistic regression (BSLR) was used to determine independent variables associated with ADR occurrence. Results: The nintedanib group had more frequent ADRs related to gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary disorders, with nausea, diarrhea, anorexia, and weight loss as the most common. The pirfenidone group had more ADRs related to skin, nervous system, and vascular disorders, such as rash, nausea, dizziness, and blood pressure imbalances. Significant baseline differences between groups included age, smoking status, FVC (%), DLCO (%), and 6-MWT, with the nintedanib cohort showing worse baseline characteristics. A total of 450 ADRs were reported: 59.6% for nintedanib and 40.4% for pirfenidone. Independent variables that significantly increased the likelihood of experiencing ADR were drug change, treatment type, gender, and age. Conclusion: Identifying ADR predictors is essential for personalizing treatment strategies. Both pirfenidone and nintedanib are crucial in managing IPF, highlighting the need for further research to optimize personalized therapies and patient outcomes.
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