Trial reportBMC medicine2025
Intrathecal pemetrexed efficacy and cerebrospinal fluid tumor marker response in refractory leptomeningeal metastasis of non-small-cell lung cancer: a single-arm phase II trial.
Trial report in BMC medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Furmonertinib combined with bevacizumab in EGFR-TKI-resistant leptomeningeal metastasis: analysis of the CSF ctDNA molecular response and survival outcomes.British journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Therapeutic progress in leptomeningeal metastasis from EGFR mutant non-small cell lung cancer: a clinical medicine review.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2026Review
- MRI-based morphological and spatial characteristics of leptomeningeal metastasis: prognostic value in non-small cell lung cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe treatments for refractory leptomeningeal metastasis (RLM) of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are limited, and response assessment is complex and challenging. This clinical trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy of intrathecal pemetrexed (IP) and response assessment using cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tumor marker in RLM.
methodsThis was a single-center, single-arm, phase II adaptive clinical trial. Patients with RLM of NSCLC were eligible for inclusion. Patients were assigned to receive 30 mg of IP every 3 weeks for a total of 6 cycles. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). The secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS) evaluated according to EANO-ESMO response assessment, disease control rate, the concordance of CSF tumor marker response with EANO-ESMO response assessment, and safety.
resultsA total of 29 patients were enrolled in the trial. The median PFS was 10.03 months (95% CI, 6.42-13.64), and the median OS was 20.37 months (95% CI, 14.86-25.88), respectively. A ± 35% threshold for CSF tumor marker level change (TML) yielded the optimal predictive performance, with AUCs of 0.890 (95% CI, 0.833-0.947), 0.911 (95% CI, 0.870-0.951), and 0.784 (95% CI, 0.717-0.850) for EANO-ESMO response, progression, and stable, respectively. Most patients (93.1%) experienced grade 1-2 treatment-related adverse events.
conclusionsOur therapeutic regimen of IP provided a practical, survival-extending, and tolerant option for RLM patients. CSF tumor marker response was correlated with EANO-ESMO response assessment, offering an effective tool for response monitoring of RLM.
trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Register (ChiCTR) ChiCTR2200057235. Registered on March 1, 2022. Date of the first patient enrollment: April 29, 2022.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.