Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40437312›Full record

ArticleCognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience2025

Reward magnitude-specific delay discounting differentiates mania versus depression risk.

Robert Raeder, Manan Arora, Michele Bertocci, Henry W Chase, Alexander S Skeba, Genna Bebko, Haris A Aslam, Simona Graur, Osasumwen Benjamin, Yiming Wang and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Robert RaederDepartment of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Robert Raeder, 121 Meyran Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, #20615213, USA. raederr@upmc.edu.
Manan AroraDepartment of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Robert Raeder, 121 Meyran Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, #20615213, USA.
Michele BertocciDepartment of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Robert Raeder, 121 Meyran Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, #20615213, USA.
Henry W ChaseDepartment of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Robert Raeder, 121 Meyran Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, #20615213, USA.
Alexander S SkebaDepartment of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Robert Raeder, 121 Meyran Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, #20615213, USA.
Genna BebkoDepartment of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Robert Raeder, 121 Meyran Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, #20615213, USA.
Haris A AslamDepartment of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Robert Raeder, 121 Meyran Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, #20615213, USA.
Simona GraurDepartment of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Robert Raeder, 121 Meyran Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, #20615213, USA.
Osasumwen BenjaminDepartment of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Robert Raeder, 121 Meyran Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, #20615213, USA.
Yiming WangDepartment of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Robert Raeder, 121 Meyran Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, #20615213, USA.
Richelle StifflerDepartment of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Robert Raeder, 121 Meyran Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, #20615213, USA.
Mary L PhillipsDepartment of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Robert Raeder, 121 Meyran Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, #20615213, USA.

Funding

Reward, impulsive sensation seeking and emotional dysregulation: neural mechanisms underlying risk for bipolar disorder in young adultsR37MH100041 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI Mary Louise Phillips · 2019 to 2026
$5.8M
Reward, pathophysiologic dimensions and psychological distress in young adultsR01MH100041 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI PHILLIPS, MARY LOUISE · 2014 to 2018
$3.1M
NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH100041NIMH NIH HHS R01MH100041NIMH NIH HHS R37 MH100041NIMH NIH HHS R37MH100041
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mania/hypomania, the pathognomonic feature of bipolar disorder (BD), is characterized by elevated impulsivity, often assessed via delay discounting-the preference for smaller, immediate versus larger, delayed rewards. It remains unclear whether delay discounting differentiates BD from non-BD individuals or serves as an objective behavioral marker of mania/hypomania versus depression risk. Bipolar disorder (n = 40) and non-BD (n = 187) individuals were recruited, with the latter encompassing a range of mania/hypomania and depression risk and stratified into mania/hypomania and depression risk tertiles. Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's tests evaluated delay discounting rates (k values), assessed via the 27-Item Monetary Choice Questionnaire, across both risk groups compared to the BD group. Significant group effects were found for overall and geomean k values in both mania/hypomania (overall k: χ

Indexed as

Bipolar DisorderDelay DiscountingDepressionManiaRewardAdultFemaleHumansImpulsive BehaviorMaleMiddle AgedYoung AdultBipolar disorderDelay discountingDepressionHypomaniaMania

Identifiers

PMID40437312
PMCPMC12577757

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.