Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40437236›Full record

ArticleNPJ digital medicine2025

Predicting abnormal fetal growth using deep learning.

Kamil Wojciech Mikołaj, Anders Nymark Christensen, Caroline Amalie Taksøe-Vester, Aasa Feragen, Olav Bjørn Petersen, Manxi Lin, Mads Nielsen, Morten Bo Søndergaard Svendsen, Martin Grønnebæk Tolsgaard

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in NPJ digital medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Deep learning in fetal, infant, and toddler neuroimaging research.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Kamil Wojciech MikołajDepartment of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
Anders Nymark ChristensenDepartment of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
Caroline Amalie Taksøe-VesterCopenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation (CAMES), Copenhagen, Denmark.
Aasa FeragenDepartment of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
Olav Bjørn PetersenCenter for Fetal Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Manxi LinDepartment of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
Mads NielsenDepartment of Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Morten Bo Søndergaard SvendsenDepartment of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
Martin Grønnebæk TolsgaardCopenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation (CAMES), Copenhagen, Denmark. martin.groennebaek.tolsgaard@regionh.dk.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ultrasound assessment of fetal size and growth is the mainstay of monitoring fetal well-being during pregnancy, as being small for gestational age (SGA) or large for gestational age (LGA) poses significant risks for both the fetus and the mother. This study aimed to enhance the prediction accuracy of abnormal fetal growth. We developed a deep learning model, trained on a dataset of 433,096 ultrasound images derived from 94,538 examinations conducted on 65,752 patients. The deep learning model performed significantly better in detecting both SGA (58% vs 70%) and LGA compared with the current clinical standard, the Hadlock formula (41% vs 55%), p < 0.001. Additionally, the model estimates were significantly less biased across all demographic and technical variables compared to the Hadlock formula. Incorporating key anatomical features such as cortical structures, liver texture, and skin thickness was likely to be responsible for the improved prediction accuracy observed.

Identifiers

PMID40437236
PMCPMC12119859

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.