Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40437110›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Formulation of pH responsive polymeric hydrogels for prolonged delivery of famciclovir with biosafety evaluation.

Irum Iftikhar, Kashif Barkat, Syed Faisal Badshah, Muhammad Umer Ashraf, Yasir Mehmood, Irfan Anjum, Gamal A Shazly, Amira Metouekel, Youssouf Ali Younous, Mohammed Bourhia

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Irum IftikharFaculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 54000, Punjab, Pakistan.
Kashif BarkatFaculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 54000, Punjab, Pakistan. kashif.barkat@pharm.uol.edu.pk.
Syed Faisal BadshahDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Rawalakot, Pakistan.
Muhammad Umer AshrafFaculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 54000, Punjab, Pakistan.
Yasir MehmoodRiphah Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan.
Irfan AnjumDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Shifa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer- E-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Gamal A ShazlyDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Amira MetouekelBOI R&D Laboratory, Bioval Ocean Indian Research and Innovation Company, 18 Rue Des Poivres Roses, 97419, La Possession, Reunion Island, France.
Youssouf Ali YounousEvangelical College, BP 1200, N'Djamena, Chad. scientifcresearcher@gmail.com.
Mohammed BourhiaLaboratory of Biotechnology and Natural Resources Valorization, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, 80060, Agadir, Morocco.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recent study aimed to fabricate pH responsive, intelligent, Pluronic F127 based polymeric system for controlled delivery of Famciclovir. Nine formulations were developed through free radical polymerization. Polymeric system exhibited pH dependent swelling by showing higher degree of swelling in simulated intestinal fluid of pH 7.4 while negligible swelling in simulated gastric fluid of pH 1.2. Drug loading increased with increase in percent water content. Famciclovir loading percent was found in range of 60.892% to 73.741%. In FTIR spectra, characteristic peaks were achieved confirming the successful grafting of drug in polymeric system. PXRD results demonstrated the conversion of crystalline nature of Famciclovir into an amorphous one in the loaded hydrogel. SEM confirmed the porous nature of hydrogel. Famciclovir loaded hydrogel showed superior thermal behavior as compared to the drug alone. In vitro Famciclovir release studies unveiled small quantity of drug release in simulated gastric fluid (25.55-34.89%) while maximal release in simulated intestinal fluid (90.12-99.13%) for 36 h was documented thereby confirming pH regulated release. Application of DD solver revealed that PLMA hydrogels followed zero order while First order was being followed by Famciclovir marketed tablet. No toxicity signs were observed in rabbits establishing the biosafety of system. Hence, the results suggest that Pluronic based polymeric system can act as promising carrier for controlled, site specific delivery of Famciclovir in intestine for prolonged period thereby reducing its dosing frequency and minimizing gastric side effects for treating Herpes and Varicella zoster infections.

Indexed as

Antiviral AgentsDrug Delivery SystemsFamciclovirHydrogelsPolymersAnimalsDelayed-Action PreparationsDrug CarriersDrug LiberationHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationPoloxamerRabbitsAntiviral AgentsDelayed-Action PreparationsDrug CarriersFamciclovirHydrogelsPoloxamerPolymersFamciclovirPluronic F127Polymeric systemProlonged releaseReduced dosing frequency

Identifiers

PMID40437110
PMCPMC12119955

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.