Biogenic silver nanoparticles optimization using Plackett-Burman design and its synergistic effect with cefotaxime against multidrug resistant clinical isolates.

Hanzala Khan, Anum Gul, Zainab Najam, Taqdees Malik

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

Diosmin-Capped Silver Nanoparticles Promote Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells: Box-Behnken Optimization and in vitro Evaluation.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026
Article

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Hanzala Khan *Dow College of Biotechnology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.

Anum Gul *Dow College of Biotechnology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan. anum.gul@duhs.edu.pk.

Zainab NajamDow College of Biotechnology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.

Taqdees MalikDepartment of Microbiology, Jinnah University for Women, Karachi, Pakistan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The rise in antibiotic resistance has created an urgent need for alternative strategies to combat multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) possess unique antibacterial properties, making them a promising option in biomedical applications. This study explores the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Citrus sinensis peel extract and their synergistic potential with cefotaxime against multidrug-resistant (MDR) clinical isolates. For the optimization of AgNPs synthesis, Plackett-Burman experimental design (PBD) was implemented that demonstrated incubation time, temperature and extract: AgNO

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsCefotaximeDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialMetal NanoparticlesSilverDrug SynergismEscherichia coliHumansMicrobial Sensitivity TestsPlant ExtractsAnti-Bacterial AgentsCefotaximePlant ExtractsSilverAntibacterialBiofilmCefotaxime (CTX)Citrus sinensisCytotoxicityGreen synthesisMulti drug resistant (MDR)Silver nanoparticles

Identifiers

PMID40436941

DOI10.1038/s41598-025-01524-y

PMCPMC12119967

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY-NC-ND

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.