ArticleNature communications2025
Self-packaged stretchable printed circuits with ligand-bound liquid metal particles in elastomer.
Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- EGaIn-based liquid-metal electrodes for electronic interfaces and contact engineering.iScience · 2026Review
- Synergistic Mechano-Fluidic Self-Fusion of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)-Modified Liquid-Metal Particles for Post-Treatment-Free Soft Electronics.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Adaptive Conductive Systems: Enabling Deformable Electronics Through Engineered Materials, Circuits, and Intelligent Systems.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Liquid Metal Electrodes: Material Properties, Interfacial Behavior, Fabrication, Performance, and Applications.Micromachines · 2026Review
- Materials-Structure-Hardware-Algorithm Co-Driven Hierarchical Optimization for Flexible Sensors.Nano-micro letters · 2026Review
- High-performance stretchable conductive film on complex microscale structures via spontaneous fusion of liquid metal.Nature communications · 2026Article
- All-Polyimide-Mediated Liquid Metal Assembly on Aerogels for Breathable and Robust Electronic Skins.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Hybrid Liquid Metal Cathode Enables High-Performance Intrinsically Stretchable OLEDs.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Design, Fabrication, and Application of Stretchable Electronic Conductors.Nano-micro letters · 2026Review
- On-Skin Epidermal Electronics for Next-Generation Health Management.Nano-micro letters · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Packaging in stretchable electronics is crucial to protect components from environmental damage while preserving mechanical flexibility and providing electrical insulation. The conventional packaging process involves multiple steps that increase in complexity as the number of circuit layers multiply. In this study, we introduce a self-packaged stretchable printed circuit board enabled by the in situ phase separation of liquid metal particles (LMPs) within various polymer matrices during solution-based printing processes. The ligand-bound LMPs (LB-LMPs), engineered to inhibit oxide growth, undergo in situ sintering, prompting vertical phase separation. This synthesis strategy not only achieves high initial conductivity of the LMPs but also encapsulates them within the polymer matrix, preventing leakage and providing electrical insulation. Our method enables multi-layer circuit printing, eliminating the need for additional activation and packaging processes. Furthermore, by integrating conductive materials into packaging layers for selective electrical conductivity, vertical interconnect accesses and conductive pads can be formed, enabling large-scale, stretchable, and leakage-free multi-layer electrical circuits and bio-interfaces.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.