ArticleBMJ open2025
Effect of low-molecular-weight heparin on pregnancy outcomes in Chinese women with recurrent implantation failure undergoing frozen embryo transfer: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.
Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Early pregnancy with low β-hCG levels progressing to severe preeclampisa: a case report highlighting individualized management strategies.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe incidence of recurrent implantation failure (RIF) can reach up to 10% among patients undergoing in vitro fertilisation and embryo transfer worldwide. However, the clinical efficacy of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) in RIF remains a subject of controversy. Currently, there is a lack of high-quality clinical research validating the effectiveness of LMWH in treating patients with RIF, particularly during frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles. Therefore, this randomised controlled trial aimed to investigate the impact of LMWH on pregnancy outcomes in women with RIF undergoing FET. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This prospective, single-centre, double-blind randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial will be conducted in the Second Hospital of Shandong University, China. A total of 414 women with RIF, aged ≤40 years, who are undergoing FET cycles will be recruited and randomly assigned to the study group (LMWH) or the control group (placebo). Only one blastocyst which is from day 5 or day 6 and has a Gardner morphology score ≥4 BC will be transferred. LMWH 4000-6000 IU per day or placebo will be administered by subcutaneous injection from the day of transplantation. The primary outcome is the live birth rate. The secondary outcomes include the clinical pregnancy rate, biochemical pregnancy rate, embryo implantation rate, early miscarriage rate, ongoing pregnancy rate, ectopic pregnancy rate, pregnancy-related complications, perinatal complications, fetal birth weight, congenital malformations and other adverse reactions. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The protocol received approval from the Ethics Committee of the Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University (KYLL-2023-442). The findings will be disseminated in peer-reviewed publications. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2400083577.
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