Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40436421›Full record

ArticleNursing & health sciences2025

Invisible Struggle: Diabetes Self-Management Through the Eyes of Diabetic Individuals With Retinopathy.

Tuğba Bilgehan, Münevver Sönmez, Hülya Türkçapar, Meleknur Göktaş

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nursing & health sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Tuğba BilgehanDepartment of Internal Medicine Nursing, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Esenboga, Ankara, Türkiye.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3326-776X
Münevver SönmezGülhane Faculty of Nursing, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Türkiye.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7646-1864
Hülya TürkçaparDepartment of Internal Medicine Nursing, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Institute of Health Sciences, Esenboga, Ankara, Türkiye.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9260-4667
Meleknur GöktaşDepartment of Internal Medicine Nursing, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Institute of Health Sciences, Esenboga, Ankara, Türkiye.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4036-3474

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Individuals diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy may experience difficulties in performing daily life activities and maintaining diabetes self-management due to vision problems. This study aimed to conduct an in-depth investigation into challenges and needs experienced in diabetes self-management by individuals diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy. This study employed a descriptive phenomenology study design. Data were collected from 13 diabetic patients through a questionnaire and semi-structured interview form, and were analyzed using the NVivo 12 program. When the qualitative data in the study were analyzed, two main themes were identified for diabetic individuals with retinopathy: daily struggles experienced during diabetes self-management and supportive requirements required for diabetes management. The daily struggles theme included the subthemes of psychological, treatment monitoring, physical activity, and nutrition, while the supportive requirements theme consisted of the subthemes of social support, diabetes technologies, lifestyle changes, and coping methods. Findings indicate that diabetic individuals diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy experienced significant difficulties in the areas of psychology, nutrition, treatment monitoring, and physical activity. They emphasized the need for coping methods and supportive resources for effective diabetes management.

Indexed as

Diabetic RetinopathySelf-ManagementAdaptation, PsychologicalAdultAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedQualitative ResearchSocial SupportSurveys and Questionnairesdaily strugglesdiabetesQualitative studyretinopathyself‐managementsupportive requirementsvision problems

Identifiers

PMID40436421
PMCPMC12119164

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.