Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40434557›Full record

ArticleActa neurochirurgica2025

BrainStereo: clinical application and efficiency evaluation of an open-source stereotactic planning tool.

Zhongjie Shi, Dongfeng Li, Sifang Chen, Xin Gao, Hongjia Li, Xiyao Liu, Zhangyu Li, Zhanxiang Wang

Abstract read
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Article in Acta neurochirurgica, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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1 citing paper in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Zhongjie Shi *School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China.
Dongfeng Li *Sanya Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sanya, 572000, China.
Sifang Chen *The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China.
Xin Gao *The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China.
Hongjia LiThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China.
Xiyao LiuThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China.
Zhangyu LiThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China.
Zhanxiang WangThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China. wzxcn@foxmail.com.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province 2022J011355Young and Middle-aged Backbone Talent Training Project of Fujian Provincial Health Commission 2022GGB010
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo develop a flexible and open-source stereotactic surgical planning toolkit, validated through clinical data to assess its performance in frame registration and stereotactic neurosurgical planning.

methodsBrainStereo was developed based on the Leksell stereotactic frame principles and the 3D Slicer platform. It features an interactive interface for frame registration based on the custom-designed Layerwise Max Intensity Tracking (LMIT) algorithm, automated target/entry point calculation, and real-time 3D visualization. A retrospective analysis of stereotactic CT data from two hospitals was conducted, comparing BrainStereo with standard planning software to evaluate accuracy and efficiency.

resultsBrainStereo was developed as a comprehensive toolkit integrating frame registration, target and entry point computation, and dynamic 3D visualization. A total of 86 CT datasets from two hospitals were included. The root mean square error (RMSE) for frame registration was 0.56 ± 0.23 mm. Computation time for BrainStereo was 5.54 ± 1.16 min, significantly longer than the standard toolkit (4.75 ± 0.83 min, 95% CI: 4.57-4.92 min, p = 0.001), but showed a steeper learning curve. The mean Euclidean distance between target points from both toolkits was 0.82 ± 0.21 mm (95% CI: 0.74-0.90 mm), with no significant differences along the X, Y, and Z axes. Entry point deviations were 0.47° ± 0.37° (p = 0.07 for arc and p = 0.06 for ring). Bland-Altman analysis confirmed strong agreement, supporting BrainStereo's reliability for stereotactic neurosurgical planning.

conclusionsBrainStereo is an open-source stereotactic planning tool that provides neurosurgeons and researchers with a flexible alternative to proprietary software. Integrated within 3D Slicer, it allows for adjustable parameters and modular functionality, addressing some of the limitations commonly associated with commercial solutions, such as hardware restrictions and limited adaptability. By offering open-source access, BrainStereo fosters transparency, collaboration, and broader accessibility, potentially advancing the field of stereotactic neurosurgery.

Indexed as

BrainSoftwareStereotaxic TechniquesAlgorithmsBrain NeoplasmsFemaleHumansImaging, Three-DimensionalMaleRetrospective StudiesTomography, X-Ray ComputedLeksell frameNeurosurgeryOpen-source toolkitStereotactic

Identifiers

PMID40434557
PMCPMC12119382

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