ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2025
Multiscale Organization of Neural Networks in a 3D Bioprinted Matrix.
Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- 3D bioprinting of tissues and organs for systemic diseases and localized injuries.Military Medical Research · 2026Review
- Contractile hydrogel with NIR-induced spatiotemporally programmed release from core-shell nanoparticles for integrated antibacterial and pro-angiogenic healing.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Bioprinting Organs-Science or Fiction?-A Review From Students to Students.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Converging Architectures: Precision Biomanufacturing and Soft Robotics Rewiring Tissue Engineering.Micromachines · 2025Article
- Multiscale Organization of Neural Networks in a 3D Bioprinted Matrix.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The efficient establishment of in vitro neural models that accurately mimic the structural and functional connectivity of neural networks is critical in neuroscience research. 3D bioprinting shows great potential for constructing sophisticated in vitro models with high freedom of design. However, mature neurons are delicate and susceptible to manipulation. Here, extrusion-based 3D bioprinting is employed to fabricate gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)-based constructs containing embryonic day 18 (E18) rat cortical neurons, referred to as 3D neuMatrix. 3D neuMatrix displays favorable neuronal viability, with the progressive formation of a 3D brain-like neural network with local and long-range functional axon connections. Compared with 2D cultured neurons, 3D neuMatrix is more similar to the E18 cortex according to the bulk transcriptomic profile, with a recreation of cellular components in the cerebral cortex. The 3D neuMatrix is employed to establish a disease model of ischemic stroke, with a faithful recapitulation of the viability, function, and transcriptomic features of rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R). These findings demonstrate the formation of multiscale neural circuits within 3D neuMatrix and its valuable potential in the study of neurodevelopment, disease modeling with drug screening, and in vitro intelligence.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.