ArticleEuropean heart journal. Imaging methods and practice2025
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance left ventricular 4D-flow: differences in flow components and kinetic energy across heart failure spectrum.
Article in European heart journal. Imaging methods and practice, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Aims: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) 4-dimensional (4D) intraventricular flow analysis quantifies volume and kinetic energy (KE) of direct flow (DF), and residual volume (ReV) components, illustrating heart failure (HF) haemodynamic changes. Study aims were (1) compare volume and KE indexed (KEi) of DF and ReV between groups. (2) Assess relationship between 4D-flow parameters with CMR parameters. Methods and results: 187 subjects (63.0 ± 17.1 years; 101 males) comprising 78 controls, 47 HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), 25 HF with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF), 37 HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) were included. Volume and KEi of DF, and ReV were obtained from 4D flow CMR images. Controls had highest DF volume and systolic KEi (control 35.0% and 54.7 µJ/mL), followed by HFpEF (22.7% and 61.4 µJ/mL), HFmrEF (13.1% and 43.3 µJ/mL), HFrEF (5.2% and 33.1 µJ/mL) ( Conclusion: CMR 4D DF and ReV with their KEi showed haemodynamic changes and KEi time curve pattern distortions in HF.
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