Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40432752›Full record

ArticleBio-protocol2025

PBMC-Humanized Mouse Model for Multiple Sclerosis: Studying Immune Changes and CNS Involvement.

Anastasia Dagkonaki, Irini Papazian, Vasileios Gouzouasis, Ariadni Karles, Maria Kourouvani, Theodore Tselios, Eirini Fragkiadaki, Lesley Probert

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Bio-protocol, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Modulating glutamate neurotransmission inFrontiers in immunology · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Anastasia DagkonakiLaboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Immunology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece.
Irini PapazianLaboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Immunology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece.
Vasileios GouzouasisLaboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Immunology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece.
Ariadni KarlesDepartment of Animal Models for Biomedical Research, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece.
Maria KourouvaniLaboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Immunology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece.
Theodore TseliosDepartment of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.
Eirini FragkiadakiDepartment of Animal Models for Biomedical Research, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece.
Lesley ProbertLaboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Immunology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Humanized immune system (HIS) mice are powerful tools for studying human immune system function and dysfunction and developing human-specific immunotherapeutics. The availability of sophisticated super immunodeficient mouse strains has allowed immune system humanization using transplants of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) or hematopoietic stem cells. HIS mice are used extensively in immune-oncology, while there are fewer studies in autoimmunity, especially multiple sclerosis (MS). Using the protocol described here, we generated HIS mice that show key features of MS not represented in other widely used MS models [1]. Severely immunodeficient NOD.Cg-

Indexed as

B2m-NOG miceEpstein–Barr virus infection statusExperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisHumanized miceMultiple sclerosisPBMC engraftment

Identifiers

PMID40432752
PMCPMC12104831

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.