Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40432064›Full record

ArticleVaccines2025

Parental Barriers and Sociodemographic Disparities in Childhood Vaccination Post-COVID-19 in Tennessee.

Sanjaya Regmi, Elizabeth Sowell, Chenoa D Allen, Benjamin E Jones, Nan M Gaylord, Victoria Niederhauser

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Vaccines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Sanjaya RegmiCollege of Nursing, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9321-7887
Elizabeth SowellCollege of Nursing, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.ORCID 0009-0008-4799-6649
Chenoa D AllenSocial Work Office of Research and Public Service, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
Benjamin E JonesCollege of Nursing, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
Nan M GaylordCollege of Nursing, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7600-453X
Victoria NiederhauserCollege of Nursing, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1279-8614

Funding

Tennessee Department of Health NH23IP922617
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThe COVID-19 pandemic disrupted routine childhood vaccinations schedules, posing significant challenges among underserved communities. Understanding how different sociodemographic groups in Tennessee perceive and navigate childhood vaccination barriers is critical for developing strategies to improve vaccination rates and reduce vulnerability to vaccine-preventable diseases.

methodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted to explore barriers to vaccination across diverse sociodemographic groups in Tennessee. Data were collected from caregivers/parents of children aged 18 years and younger across all 95 counties in Tennessee at community events and through partnerships with schools and other local organizations. Parental responses were analyzed to identify barriers in access, concern, and importance domains. The distribution of barriers across different sociodemographic groups such as race, income, education level, and insurance status was identified. Descriptive statistics, non-parametric tests, and log-binomial regressions were used to address the research objectives.

resultsThis study found that the most prominent barriers to childhood vaccination were concerns regarding vaccine safety and side effects. Significant differences in vaccine barriers were observed across racial and ethnic groups for access barriers (

conclusionsAddressing parental vaccination barriers related to concern, access, and perceived importance is crucial, particularly for underserved populations including low-income families, uninsured parents, racial/ethnic minorities, and those with limited education. A sustained, equity-focused approach integrating scientific communication, community engagement, and policy interventions is essential for increasing vaccine uptake and ensuring equitable vaccination access.

Indexed as

childhood immunizationCOVID-19routine immunizationTennesseevaccination barriersvaccine concernsvaccine disparitiesvaccine hesitancy

Identifiers

PMID40432064
PMCPMC12115839

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.