Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40431822›Full record

ReviewSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Algorithms and Methods for Individual Source Camera Identification: A Survey.

Jaroslaw Bernacki, Rafal Scherer

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Interpol review of forensic image and video analysis, 2022-2025.Forensic science international. Synergy · 2026
    Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Jaroslaw BernackiDepartment of Artificial Intelligence, Czȩstochowa University of Technology, al. Armii Krajowej 36, 42-200 Czȩstochowa, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-4488-3488
Rafal SchererDepartment of Artificial Intelligence, Czȩstochowa University of Technology, al. Armii Krajowej 36, 42-200 Czȩstochowa, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-9592-262X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Source camera identification (SCI) is a key issue in the field of digital forensics. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the existing methods and algorithms used for this purpose. It discusses approaches based on matrix noise analysis, including methods utilizing sensor pattern noise, photo response non-uniformity, statistical methods, aberrations analysis, as well as modern techniques based on deep neural networks and machine learning. Particular attention is paid to the effectiveness and robustness of the algorithms to different types of interference and their possible application in practical cases, such as law enforcement investigations. Moreover, we also discuss the issue of camera identification using videos and provide a brief description of popular image datasets that might be used for source camera identification method benchmarking.

Indexed as

deep modelsdigital camera identificationdigital forensicsmachine learningprivacy

Identifiers

PMID40431822
PMCPMC12114850

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.