Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40431778›Full record

Observational studySensors (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Towards the Real-World Analysis of Lumbar Spine Standing Posture in Individuals with Low Back Pain: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study.

Elena Muñoz-Gómez, Frederick McClintock, Andrew Callaway, Carol Clark, Raee Alqhtani, Jonathan Williams

Abstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Elena Muñoz-GómezResearch Unit in Clinical Biomechanics (UBIC), Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-9137-1656
Frederick McClintockDepartment of Rehabilitation and Sport Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth BH8 8GP, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-1993-1724
Andrew CallawayDepartment of Rehabilitation and Sport Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth BH8 8GP, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-0987-9608
Carol ClarkDepartment of Rehabilitation and Sport Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth BH8 8GP, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-9296-7141
Raee AlqhtaniCollege of Applied Medical Science, Najran University, Najran P.O. Box 1988, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0001-7354-6547
Jonathan WilliamsDepartment of Rehabilitation and Sport Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth BH8 8GP, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-8331-3181

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Prolonged periods of standing are linked to low back pain (LBP). Evaluating lumbar spine biomechanics in real-world contexts can provide novel insights into these links. This study aimed to determine if standing behaviour can be quantified, in individuals with LBP, in real-world environments. A three-stage design was used, (i) Verification of a bespoke algorithm characterising lumbar standing behaviour, (ii) Day-long assessment of standing behaviours of individuals with posture-related low back discomfort, and (iii) Case study application to individuals with clinical LBP. Analysis of standing posture across time included variability, fidgeting, and amplitude probability distribution function analysis. The study demonstrated that accelerometers are a valid method for extracting standing posture from everyday activity data. There was a wide variety of postures throughout the day in people with posture-related low back discomfort and people with clinical LBP. Frequency profiles ranged from slightly flexed to slightly extended postures, with skewed bell-shaped distributions common. Postural variability ranged from 3.4° to 7.7°, and fidgeting from 1.0° to 3.0°. This work presents a validated accelerometer-based method to capture, identify, and quantify real-world lumbar standing postures. The distinct characteristics of people with low back discomfort or pain highlight the importance of individualised approaches.

Indexed as

Low Back PainLumbar VertebraePostureStanding PositionAccelerometryAdultAlgorithmsBiomechanical PhenomenaCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedaccelerometryIMUlow back painposturespinevariabilitywearable electronic devices

Identifiers

PMID40431778
PMCPMC12115305

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.