ReviewViruses2025
The Need for the Optimization of HIV Antiretroviral Therapy in Kazakhstan.
Review in Viruses, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Factors Associated with Virological Non-Suppression Among People Living with HIV Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy in Kazakhstan: A National Registry-Based Study.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The number of people living with HIV in Kazakhstan increased from 11,000 to 35,000 between 2010 and 2021, with emerging antiretroviral therapy (ART) resistance posing a challenge to effective treatment. Unsafe injection practices among people who inject drugs (PWID), the stigma against men who have sex with men, sex work, drug possession, HIV transmission, HIV exposure, and the non-disclosure of HIV status create obstacles to effective prevention and care. Our recent studies with people living with HIV (PLWH) in Kazakhstan have revealed the prevalence of mutations in HIV that may confer resistance to certain ART components currently being administered in the country. Additionally, subtype A6- and CRF02_AG-infected PLWH displayed the occurrence of certain distinct subtype-specific DRMs. Subtype A6 exhibited a tendency for the DRMs A62V, G190S, K101E, D67N, and V77I, whereas CRF02_AG was more associated with S162A, K103N, and V179E. Both subtypes had a comparable frequency of the M184V mutation and displayed similar patterns in the distribution of Q174K. Based on our findings, we recommend that DRM screening and subtype diagnosis before the initiation of ART will improve treatment efficiency while preventing the emergence of further DRMs in Kazakhstan.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.