Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40431692›Full record

ArticleViruses2025

A Model of Non-Homologous Recombination Mediated by HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Explaining Sequence Motif Duplications That Confer a Replication Fitness Advantage.

Arun Panchapakesan, Udaykumar Ranga

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Viruses, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Arun PanchapakesanHIV-AIDS Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India.ORCID 0009-0005-4997-939X
Udaykumar RangaHIV-AIDS Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India.

Funding

Gennova Biopharmaceuticals Ltd. Corporate Social Responsibility FundsScience and Engineering Research Board CRG/2019/000820
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The Reverse Transcriptase of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is distinguished by its high rate of homologous recombination. A less-studied consequence of this phenomenon is the increased occurrence of non-homologous recombination, which results in length polymorphism. While most of these genome-wide variations are sporadic, some provide a replication advantage to variant strains, such as those in the Long Terminal Repeat (LTR) and p6-Gag regions. By analyzing sequences from these two regions in the HIV-1 databases, we categorize all types of non-homologous recombination into four groups based on the presence or absence of two molecular features. Additionally, drawing on established models of homologous recombination, we propose a model that describes the process of sequence duplication. This model can also be applied to explain non-homologous recombination in different types of HIV and other viruses.

Indexed as

Genetic FitnessHIV-1HIV Reverse TranscriptaseNucleotide MotifsRecombination, GeneticVirus ReplicationHumansHIV Reverse Transcriptasereverse transcriptase, Human immunodeficiency virus 1HIVnon-homologous recombinationreverse transcriptasesequence duplication

Identifiers

PMID40431692
PMCPMC12115494

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.