Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40430813›Full record

ArticlePathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Acute Respiratory and Influenza Viruses Circulating in Kazakhstan During 2018-2024.

Tatyana Glebova, Nailya Klivleyeva, Assem Baimukhametova, Galina Lukmanova, Nurbol Saktaganov, Nuray Ongarbayeva, Baiken Baimakhanova, Gulmira Kassymova, Madisha Sagatova, Almagul Rachimbayeva and 4 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Tatyana GlebovaThe Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan.ORCID 0000-0002-1139-9868
Nailya KlivleyevaThe Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan.ORCID 0000-0002-4094-137X
Assem BaimukhametovaThe Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan.ORCID 0000-0002-8959-126X
Galina LukmanovaThe Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan.ORCID 0000-0002-9809-6674
Nurbol SaktaganovThe Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan.ORCID 0000-0001-6526-956X
Nuray OngarbayevaThe Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan.ORCID 0000-0001-9022-331X
Baiken BaimakhanovaThe Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan.ORCID 0000-0002-7119-950X
Gulmira KassymovaZhambyl Regional Multidisciplinary Center of Oncology and Surgery, Health Department of the Akimat of Zhambyl Region, Taraz 080003, Kazakhstan.
Madisha SagatovaThe East Kazakhstan Regional Branch of National Center for Expertise, 17 Independence Avenue, Ust-Kamenogorsk 070003, Kazakhstan.
Almagul RachimbayevaThe Almaty Branch of National Center for Expertise, 3 Zhibek Zholy Avenue, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan.
Nazgul ZhanuzakovaScientific Center of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, 146 Al-Farabi Avenue, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan.
Tatyana NaidenovaRegional Clinical Hospital of the Health Department of the Karaganda Region, 10 A Nursultan Nazarbayev Avenue, Karaganda 100000, Kazakhstan.
Nigina RakhmonovaLLP "Regional Consultative and Diagnostic Medical Center Sadykhan", 64 Tole bi Avenue, Taraz 080000, Kazakhstan.
Richard WebbyDepartment of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4397-7132

Funding

THE SCIENCE COMMITTEE OF THE MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND HIGHER EDUCATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN AP19677931
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Respiratory tract infections cause serious morbidity and mortality and are a major public health problem. The objective of our study was detection of the prevalence of viral respiratory diseases in the territory of Kazakhstan during the epidemic period of 2018-2024. The presence of respiratory viruses in nasopharyngeal swabs was analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The level of specific antibodies in the blood serum was determined by hemagglutination inhibition assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In rtRT-PCR, patients were diagnosed with non-influenza viral respiratory tract infections as well as influenza viruses A(H1N1), A(H3N2), and B. Antibodies were detected against A(H1N1)pdm09, influenza A(H3N2), and influenza B viruses and with simultaneous detection of both viruses. The circulation of influenza A(H3N2) viruses belonging to the 3C.2a1b.2a.2a.3a.1 clade was confirmed by whole-genome sequencing. According to the results, in the period 2018-2024, the spread of influenza A and B viruses and non-influenza respiratory tract infections was observed. The data of this study confirm the role of known causative agents of epidemic infection and indicate the need to continue monitoring their spread in Kazakhstan, which may add to the general quality of the health system.

Indexed as

Influenza B virusInfluenza, HumanRespiratory Tract InfectionsAdolescentAdultAgedAntibodies, ViralChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansInfantInfluenza A Virus, H1N1 SubtypeInfluenza A Virus, H3N2 SubtypeKazakhstanMaleAntibodies, Viralantigendiagnosisinfluenzarespiratory infectionvirus

Identifiers

PMID40430813
PMCPMC12114832

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.