Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40430313›Full record

ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Diffusion of Sodium Hyaluronate in Artificial Saliva to Optimize Its Topical Application.

Francisco J R Carmo, Esmeraldo P Z Salote, Artur J M Valente, Ana C F Ribeiro, Pedro M G Nicolau, Sónia I G Fangaia

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Francisco J R CarmoFaculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Av. Bissaya Barreto, Blocos de Celas, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal.ORCID 0009-0008-5031-8806
Esmeraldo P Z SaloteCQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal.
Artur J M ValenteCQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-4612-7686
Ana C F RibeiroCQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-3005-1963
Pedro M G NicolauFaculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Av. Bissaya Barreto, Blocos de Celas, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal.
Sónia I G FangaiaFaculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Av. Bissaya Barreto, Blocos de Celas, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0001-9145-3184

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hyaluronic acid (or hyaluronan) is a polysaccharide with therapeutic applications in dentistry due to its lubricating, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial properties. This study evaluates the diffusion, conductivity, and viscosity of the sodium salt of HyH (that is, NaHy) with different molecular weights (124 kDa, 245 kDa, and 1800 kDa) in artificial saliva at pH 2.3, 4, 5, 6.8, and 8. Using the Taylor dispersion technique at 298.15 K, diffusion coefficients were determined and analyzed based on Fick's second law equation. Results showed that NaHy diffusion was higher at acidic pH, particularly at pH 2.3, and decreased at pH 8, likely due to structural compaction in acidic conditions and expansion in alkaline media. The higher molecular weight of this polysaccharide exhibited greater diffusion and conductivity, suggesting an extended conformation that enhances mobility. These findings indicate that both pH and molecular weight significantly influence NaHy transport properties. Optimizing these parameters may enhance HA's bioavailability and effectiveness in topical oral applications, improving its therapeutic potential in treating periodontal and oral conditions.

Indexed as

Hyaluronic AcidSaliva, ArtificialAdministration, TopicalDiffusionHumansHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationMolecular WeightViscosityHyaluronic AcidSaliva, Artificialhyaluronic acidmouth rinsemutual diffusionoral mucous regenerationtopical application

Identifiers

PMID40430313
PMCPMC12113825

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.