ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2025
Low-Temperature Spine-Specific PMMA Enhances Bone Regeneration via Localized Thermal Necrosis in an Osteoporotic Rat Model.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- PMMA-augmentation of the spinous process as an enhancing-protective measure against bone failure in "through the spinous process-vertebropexy".North American Spine Society journal · 2026Article
- Multiphysics finite element analysis of vertebral stability in simulated osteolytic lumbar defects treated withFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- PMMA-based composite bone cements with zirconium oxide fillers of different granulations: structural optimization and biofunctional potential.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Biomimetic Strategies for Bone Regeneration: Smart Scaffolds and Multiscale Cues.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bone cement is widely used in percutaneous vertebroplasty to stabilize osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. However, its clinical application is limited by its high compressive modulus, risk of thermal necrosis, and poor bone integration, unlike conventional PMMA formulations used in vertebrae or joint arthroplasty, which can reach polymerization temperatures exceeding 100 °C. Spine-specific PMMA is formulated to cure at a reduced polymerization temperature, thereby minimizing the rise in core temperature during the setting process. Consistent with our hypothesis, this moderate thermal output induces localized thermal injury that triggers osteogenic responses and extracellular matrix production, thereby enhancing osteoblast activity in the surrounding bone. This study aimed to evaluate bone remodeling following spine-specific PMMA injection in an osteoporotic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat model. Twenty-four osteoporotic female SD rats were randomly assigned to three groups: Control (untreated), OVX + spine-specific PMMA (OVX + PMMA), and OVX (OVX + Defect). Bone regeneration was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT), quantitative PCR (qPCR), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and Western blotting. At 12 weeks post-injection, the OVX + PMMA group exhibited significantly greater bone regeneration than the OVX group. Micro-CT analysis demonstrated a marked increase in trabecular thickness in the PMMA-treated group. Notably, bone formation was more pronounced in regions surrounding the cement compared to adjacent untreated areas. This suggests that spine-specific PMMA promotes osteogenesis via localized thermal necrosis and subsequent osteoblast recruitment. These findings highlight the dual role of spine-specific PMMA in both structural stabilization and biologically driven bone regeneration. Further research is warranted to optimize its clinical applications while minimizing potential adverse effects.
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