ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2025
A Novel Sample Preparation Method for GC-MS Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds in Whole Blood for Veterinary Use.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- HS-GC/MS-Based Targeted Blood VOC Panel for Canine Cancer Screening Using an Integrated Classification Framework in Retrospective Korea and Thailand Cohorts.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Editorial of Topic Issue "Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis in Biomedical Research and Clinical Laboratory".Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Technologies in Biomarker Discovery for Animal Diseases: Mechanisms, Classification, and Diagnostic Applications.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in biological samples originate both from exogenous and endogenous sources. Recent studies have highlighted their potential as cancer biomarkers, emphasizing the need for accurate detection methods in clinical settings. However, analysis of VOCs in whole blood (WB) samples remains challenging due to the complex matrix effects caused by the protein-VOC binding phenomenon and lack of standardized sample preparation protocols. Therefore, this study suggests a standardized method for advanced VOC analysis in WB samples specifically for veterinary applications. We compared 12 combinations of reagents composed of protein denaturing reagents and salts, particularly urea mixtures, to enhance VOC decoupling from proteins and improve matrix effect uniformity in gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Among all combinations, urea with NaCl showed an optimal performance, demonstrating an advancement in the detection sensitivity of up to 151.3% and a significantly reduced matrix effect variation (-35.5% to 25%) compared with the water-only control. This novel approach eliminates complex procedures while maintaining accuracy, making it particularly suitable for veterinary uses. The method's standardization and improved performance characteristics offer a practical solution for efficient VOC detection in veterinary diagnostics, potentially advancing tumor biomarker research.
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Registered trials
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