ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Sustainable Alginate-Hydrochar Composite Beads for 2-Nitrophenol Adsorption in Batch and Fixed-Bed Systems.
Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Addressing the removal of hazardous phenolic pollutants from water, this study introduces an eco-friendly adsorbent composed of waste-derived hydrochar immobilized in alginate beads (Alg/HC). The physicochemical properties of the Alg/HC beads were characterized using SEM, XRD, and FTIR, confirming hydrochar encapsulation and partial structural preservation. Batch studies revealed a maximum 2-nitrophenol (2-NP) adsorption capacity of 15.80 ± 0.62 mg/g at 30 mg/L of 2-NP, with kinetics best described by the Elovich and pseudo-second-order models. Freundlich isotherm fitting indicated multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous surfaces, likely governed by hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions. In a fixed-bed column system, Alg/HC beads demonstrated a continuous adsorption capacity of 6.84 ± 0.45 mg/g at 10 mg/L of 2-NP, with breakthrough behavior modeled by the Yoon-Nelson and Thomas equations. The beads maintained stable performance across four regeneration cycles using a mild water/ethanol desorption method. This work represents the first study to explore Alg/HC composites for 2-NP removal in both batch and continuous modes, demonstrating their potential as low-cost, regenerable adsorbents for tertiary treatment of phenolic industrial wastewater.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.