Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40429047›Full record

ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Effect of Silicone Rubbers on the Properties of RDX-Based PBXs and Their Application in the Explosive Hardening of Steel.

Konrad Szydło, Agnieszka Stolarczyk, Tomasz Jarosz, Barbara Lisiecka, Sylwia Waśkiewicz, Krzysztof Lukaszkowicz, Klaudiusz Gołombek, Jakub Polis, Mateusz Polis

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Konrad SzydłoExplosive Techniques Research Group, Łukasiewicz Research Network-Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry, 42-693 Krupski Młyn, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-5789-519X
Agnieszka StolarczykDepartment of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-9594-9072
Tomasz JaroszDepartment of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-8870-3760
Barbara LisieckaExplosive Techniques Research Group, Łukasiewicz Research Network-Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry, 42-693 Krupski Młyn, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-0945-3423
Sylwia WaśkiewiczDepartment of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-8595-1328
Krzysztof LukaszkowiczDepartment of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-1511-9066
Klaudiusz GołombekMaterials Research Laboratory, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-5188-1950
Jakub PolisDepartment of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.ORCID 0009-0001-2315-0568
Mateusz PolisExplosive Techniques Research Group, Łukasiewicz Research Network-Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry, 42-693 Krupski Młyn, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-4156-449X

Funding

Ministry of Science and Higher Education SDW/040/SDW22/0236
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Modern energetic materials (EMs) have many different civil applications. One of their most promising applications in civil engineering is explosive hardening, which facilitates the fast and cost-effective improvement of mechanical properties in the treated material. In this work, we present the results of our investigation on the explosive hardening of S235JR Steel with PBX formulations containing silicone binders and 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX). In terms of safety, the impact (5-15 J) and friction (240-360 N) sensitivity of the tested plastic-bonded explosives (PBXs) was verified, simultaneously with DSC tests, energy of activation calculations, and critical diameter measurement. The developed material, prepared with techniques similar to the anticipated working conditions, is characterized by a high detonation velocity (up to 7300 m/s), low sensitivity for mechanical factors (10 J, 288 N), and a small critical diameter (3.3 mm). The developed PBX based on a silicone binder demonstrated grain fragmentation, recrystallization, and an increase in the surface hardness of S235JR steel, which was confirmed with SEM, EBSD, microstructure analysis, and microhardness studies.

Indexed as

energetic materialsexplosive hardeningPBXsilicone rubbers

Identifiers

PMID40429047
PMCPMC12112863

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