Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40429040›Full record

ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2025

The Effect of Photoreactive Diluents on the Properties of a Styrene-Free Vinyl Ester Resin for Cured-In-Place Pipe (CIPP) Technology.

Małgorzata Krasowska, Agnieszka Kowalczyk, Krzysztof Kowalczyk, Rafał Oliwa, Mariusz Oleksy

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Małgorzata KrasowskaDepartment of Polymer Composites, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, Al. Powstańców Warszawy 12, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland.
Agnieszka KowalczykDepartment of Chemical Organic Technology and Polymeric Materials, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Al. Piastów 17, 70-322 Szczecin, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-9017-7058
Krzysztof KowalczykDepartment of Chemical Organic Technology and Polymeric Materials, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Al. Piastów 17, 70-322 Szczecin, Poland.
Rafał OliwaDepartment of Polymer Composites, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, Al. Powstańców Warszawy 12, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-1319-6199
Mariusz OleksyDepartment of Polymer Composites, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, Al. Powstańców Warszawy 12, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-5515-8575

Funding

European Regional Development Fund RPMP.01.02.01-12-0169/20
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) technology is a trenchless rehabilitation method for damaged pipelines in which a resin-saturated liner (often a fiber-reinforced type) is inserted into a host pipe and cured in situ, typically using a UV light beam or steam. This study investigates the influence of selected photoreactive diluents on the photopolymerization process of a styrene-free vinyl ester resin designed for the CIPP applications by evaluating the rheological properties, photopolymerization kinetics (photo-DSC), thermal characteristics (DSC), crosslinking density (gel content), and mechanical properties of thick (15 mm) UV-cured layers. The tested diluents included monofunctional (i.e., methyl methacrylate and vinyl neodecanoate), difunctional (1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, aliphatic urethane acrylates, and an epoxy acrylate), and trifunctional monomers (trimethylolpropane triacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, and trimethylolpropane ethoxylate triacrylate). The key findings demonstrate that the addition of pentaerythritol triacrylate (the most attractive diluent) increases the flexural strength (+6%) and deflection at strength (+28%) at the unchanged flexural modulus value (ca. 2.1 GPa). The difunctional epoxy acrylate caused an even greater increase in the deflection (+52%, at a 5% increase in the flexural strength).

Indexed as

CIPPmechanical strengthphotopolymerizationreactive diluentsvinyl ester resins

Identifiers

PMID40429040
PMCPMC12113321

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.