Probing Phase Transitions and Interfacial Reorganization in TAPC/CBP/BPhen Organic Light-Emitting Diode Stacks by In Situ Ellipsometry.

Ilze Aulika, Patricija Paulsone, Sven Oras, Jelena Butikova, Margarita Anna Zommere, Elina Laizane, Aivars Vembris

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Ilze AulikaInstitute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, Kengaraga iela 8, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia.ORCID 0000-0001-6752-7622

Patricija PaulsoneInstitute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, Kengaraga iela 8, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia.

Sven OrasInstitute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.ORCID 0000-0002-8313-8608

Jelena ButikovaInstitute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, Kengaraga iela 8, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia.ORCID 0000-0002-8203-2502

Margarita Anna ZommereInstitute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, Kengaraga iela 8, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia.ORCID 0009-0003-9089-1221

Elina LaizaneInstitute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, Kengaraga iela 8, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia.

Aivars VembrisInstitute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, Kengaraga iela 8, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia.ORCID 0000-0002-9346-946X

Funding

Estonian Research Agency TEM-TA23 and PRG2675European Union's Horizon 2020 program No. 856705Latvian Science Council lzp-2022/1-0331

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The thermal behavior of a three-layer structure-glass/ITO/TAPC/CBP/BPhen-in an OLED system was investigated using in situ spectroscopic ellipsometry during controlled heating from room temperature to 120 °C over 60 min, simulating the ageing process and analyzing degradation kinetics. Variations in Ψ and Δ spectra were observed across the entire 0.7-5.9 eV spectral range, with five distinct anomalies, particularly in the UV region. An anomaly at approximately 66 °C was attributed to the glass transition temperature

Indexed as

crystallizationinterphase layerOLED thin filmsoptical propertiesphase transitionsspectroscopic ellipsometrysurface morphologythermal analysis

Identifiers

PMID40428997

DOI10.3390/ma18102261

PMCPMC12113155

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.