Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40427897›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2025

Barriers and Opportunities for HPV Self-Sampling in Underserved Rural Communities: Insights from a Mixed Methods Study.

Joyline Chepkorir, Nancy Perrin, Lucy Kivuti-Bitok, Joseph J Gallo, Deborah Gross, Jean Anderson, Nancy R Reynolds, Susan Wyche, Hillary Kibet, Vincent Kipkuri and 2 more

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In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Joyline ChepkorirSchool of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2273-418X
Nancy PerrinSchool of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2025-6543
Lucy Kivuti-BitokDepartment of Nursing Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi 00100, Kenya.ORCID 0000-0002-0958-1580
Joseph J GalloDepartment of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7878-0321
Deborah GrossSchool of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5707-6132
Jean AndersonDepartment of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8652-159X
Nancy R ReynoldsSchool of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Susan WycheDepartment of Media and Information, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6151-2913
Hillary KibetDepartment of Global Health, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, Kakamega 50100, Kenya.ORCID 0009-0006-1570-0802
Vincent KipkuriDepartment of Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn and Child Health, GoldStar Kenya, Nairobi 00208, Kenya.ORCID 0009-0004-6613-7859
Anastasha CherotichDepartment of Public Health, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, Kakamega 50100, Kenya.ORCID 0009-0005-0010-0735
Hae-Ra HanSchool of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9419-594X

Funding

Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing; Discovery and Innovation Grant FY23 80062016.
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women in sub-Saharan Africa, especially in rural areas with limited access to screening. This study explored factors influencing rural Kenyan women's willingness to self-collect samples for HPV-DNA testing. Data were drawn from a mixed methods study in two Kenyan rural counties, including surveys with 174 women and interviews with 21 participants. The mean age of the survey sample was 45.2 (SD = 13.2) years. Only 6.4% had ever been screened, yet 76.9% expressed willingness to self-collect samples for testing. Increased willingness was associated with cervical cancer awareness (OR = 3.49, 95% CI = 1.50-8.11), relying on health workers as primary sources of health information (OR = 1.88, CI = 1.23-2.86), or the news media (OR = 2.63, CI = 1.27-5.48). High cervical cancer stigma (OR = 0.71, CI = 0.57-0.88) and longer travel times of 30-120 min to a health facility (OR = 0.44, CI = 0.20-0.93) were linked to reduced willingness. Integration of the findings showed that comprehensive health promotion-through education, health worker endorsement, and mass media campaigns-may improve HPV self-sampling uptake and reduce the cervical cancer burden in rural Kenya.

Indexed as

PapillomaviridaePapillomavirus InfectionsSelf CareSpecimen HandlingUterine Cervical NeoplasmsAdultAgedEarly Detection of CancerFemaleHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansKenyaMiddle AgedRural Populationbarrierscervical cancerfacilitatorshealth informationHPV-DNA testingruralscreeningself-samplingsub-Saharan Africawillingness

Identifiers

PMID40427897
PMCPMC12110964

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.