Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40427383›Full record

ArticleAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Phenolic Acid Composition of Coffee Cascara in Connection with Antioxidant Capacity: A Geographic Assessment.

Ningjian Liang, David D Kitts, Xiwen Wang, Ziying Hu, Maidinai Sabier

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Ningjian LiangNutrition, College of Health, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6624-9309
David D KittsFood, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-6572-4008
Xiwen WangFood, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Ziying HuDepartment of Food Science, McGill University, Québec, QC H9X 3V9, Canada.
Maidinai SabierFood, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.

Funding

Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council 2019-04885-DDK
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Coffee cascara is an underutilized byproduct of coffee processing that has the potential for value-added applications due to its rich phytochemical content and antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to characterize the phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of coffee cascara sourced from seven geographic regions, and where possible, a variety of farms in different regions. We compared two different extraction methods: hot water/sonication-assisted extraction and methanol-water extraction to generate phytochemical content. The antioxidant capacity of extracts was assessed through different assays. Correlations between phytochemical compounds and different antioxidant activities were analyzed first using Pearson's correlations and then substantiated further using principal component analysis (PCA). The dominant phytochemicals identified in the extracted coffee cascara included gallic acid, chlorogenic acid isomers, mangiferin, protocatechuic acid and rutin. Among the water-extracted samples, the Brazil sample exhibited the highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) value, whereas the Zambia sample had the highest 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) value and the Laos sample showed the greatest inhibition of 2',7'-Dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) fluorescence. For methanol extracts, the highest ORAC and ABTS values were from the Indonesia sample, and the Laos sample showed the strongest inhibition of DCFH-DA fluorescence. The results show the distinct phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of coffee cascara according to geographical clustering using PCA. Specifically, gallic acid,

Indexed as

antioxidant capacitycascaraPCApolyphenol profile

Identifiers

PMID40427383
PMCPMC12108463

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.